@article{Rout_2023,

title = {Assessment of left ventricular filling pressure and its correlation with severity of chronic kidney disease},

author = {Siddhartha Rout and Mohammed Mudassir Ali and Amritarnav Rout and Mohammed Asif Muzaffer Iqubal},

url = {https://ejmcm.com/issue-content/assessment-of-left-ventricular-filling-pressure-and-its-correlation-with-severity-of-chronic-kidney-disease-2639},

issn = {2515-8260},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-02-28},

journal = {European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine},

volume = {10},

issue = {2},

pages = {1098-1103},

abstract = {Background:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common health problem worldwide. Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in CKD. In CKD patients, use of Echocardiography can help in establishing a diagnosis of acute decompensated heart failure. Present study was aimed to assessment of left ventricular filling pressure and its correlation with severity of chronic kidney disease. Material and Methods: Present study was single-center, prospective, observational study, conducted patients aged >18 years, either gender, diagnosed cases of CKD as per KIDGO criteria underwent resting 2-D transthoracic echocardiography. Results: In present study, 80 cases of CKD underwent 2-D transthoracic echocardiography evaluation. Majority were from 50-59 years age group (53.75 %), male (66.75 %). In present study majority were from CKD stage 2 (53.75 %) followed by CKD stage 3 (28.75 %), CKD stage 4

(22.5 %) & CKD stage 5 (13.75 %). Among study patients, 45 patients (56.25 %) had normal LVFP, while 27 patients (33.75 %) had 9-13 LVFP & increase in LVFP (> 13) was noted in 8 patients (10 %). Mean value of LVFP in CKD stage 2 was 8.68 ± 2.15, mean LVFP in CKD stage 3 was 10.34 ± 2.64, mean LVFP in CKD stage 4 was 12.92 ± 3.84 & mean LVFP in CKD stage 5 was 13.46 ± 3.23. We noted statistically significant association between increase in stage of CKD with progressive rise in mean LVFP value. Conclusion: The increase in left ventricular filling pressure is directly proportional to the CKD stage i.e., severity of renal failure.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Maryam_2022,

title = {Post-PCI clinical outcomes of reduced dose prasugrel in comparison to clopidogrel },

author = {Maryam and Mohammadi Fizza Khan and Farheen Sultana and Ofia Mushtaq and Marwah Sultana and Rajashekar Reddy Gurrala and Abhishek Golla and Kazi Jawwad Hussain},

url = {https://journalajcr.com/index.php/AJCR/article/view/96},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-08-17},

urldate = {2022-08-17},

journal = {Asian Journal of Cardiology Research},

volume = {5},

issue = {1},

pages = {255-265},

abstract = {Introduction: Patients with ACS undergoing PCI with drug-eluting stent (DES), a one-year regimen with Dual Antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is recommended to avoid thrombotic events in which any of the two-combination therapy comprising of a P2Y12 inhibitor (Clopidogrel or Prasugrel) and thromboxane A2 inhibitor (Aspirin) is given. Objectives: This study highlights the differences between the two DAPT regimens (clopidogrel + aspirin, reduced dose prasugrel + aspirin) for primary bleeding events post PCI within 48-72 hours, and calculates MACE events at (15 days, 3 months, 6 months) post PCI. Methods: It was a single-centered, prospective study done in a teritary care hospital. The study included 100 subjects with ACS who underwent PCI with DES using clopidogrel or reduced dose prasugrel as the antiplatelet agent along with aspirin. All the patients were observed for primary bleeding events post PCI within 48 hours while in-patient. 15 days, 3 months, and 6 months after their discharge, and initiation of DAPT bleeding and ischemic events were observed. Alongside, MACE events and ADRs were observed 6 months duration. Results: There were 50 patients in clopidogrel group and 50 patients in reduced dose Prasugrel group. Mean age of the study population in the clopidogrel group was 60.3000± 6.670 years (mean ± SD). The mean age of the study population in the reduced dose prasugrel group was 60.1600± 8.39913 years (mean ± SD). There were no events as such in the reduced dose prasugrel group whereas, in the clopidogrel group, 1 patient (2.5%) had an In-hospital major bleeding event post PCI. Two patients from the clopidogrel group and four patients from the prasugrel group died and the cause was unascertained. Minor bleeding events were higher in the Reduced dose Prasugrel group when compared to the clopidogrel group within 6 months post PCI. Conclusion: This study suggests that Reduced dose prasugrel is as safe and efficacious as clopidogrel to prevent stent thrombosis and prevent bleeding events in elderly and in patients of weight 50-60 kgs, post- PCI. Hence, reduced dose Prasugrel as well as clopidogrel can be used in routine clinical practice in patients with high bleeding risk post-PCI.  However, studies with a larger sample size and study duration are needed to confirm the above findings.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hussain_2022,

title = {Dyslipidemia in chronic renal failure and its implications in associated cardiovascular disease},

author = {Kazi Jawwad Hussain and Kazi Wajid Hussain and Kazi Arshad Hussain and Mohammed Khaleel Ahmed},

url = {http://jcdronline.org/admin/Uploads/Files/62df67468a9986.05887830.pdf},

issn = {0975-3583},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-30},

urldate = {2022-05-30},

journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research},

volume = {13},

issue = {5},

pages = {1439-1448},

abstract = {Background & Objectives:Lipid disorders are one of the known metabolic changes associated with chronic renal failure (CRF) The prominent features of uremic dyslipidemia are an increase in plasma triglyceridesand cholesterol in nearly all lipoproteins, and a reduction in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). One of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease is dyslipidemia as it accelerates atherosclerosis. Therefore it is

essential to study uremic dyslipidemia, since optimal treatment is essential for the prevention or delay of cardiovascular complications in patients with CRF. Methods :Plasma lipid profile was studied in 30 patients of non diabetic chronic renal failure, 17 non-dialysed patient, 13 hemodialysis patients and compared to 25 healthy subjects. LDL was calculated using friedwald’s formula. Results :Plasma triglycerides (174±60.7 mg/dl Vs 97±17 mg/dl) and VLDL fraction (34.88±12.15 mg/dl Vs 19.3±3.49 mg/dl) were significantly elevated in CRF patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). There was significant decrease in plasma HDL (36±5.1 Vs 48.8±10.3) in CRF patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in total cholesterol (187±43.5 Vs 185.2±24.51 mg/dl) in CRF and Controls (p >0.05). On comparing lipid profiles in CRF patients on conservative management and Hemodialysis there was significant increase in triglycerides in hemodialyis group (199.01±70 Vs 155.176±47mg/dl). Conclusion:Uremic dyslipidemia is a specific Metabolic abnormality. Excess triglycerides and VLDL fraction was observed in patients of CRF both on conservative management and

hemodialysis. Further, reduced level of HDL cholesterol was also observed both in conservative and hemodialysis group of CRF patients. Dyslipidemia observed in Uremic patients may contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis and further progression of chronic renal failure.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hussain_2022b,

title = {Incidence and outcome of contrast induced nephropathy in diabetic hypertensive patients with stage 1 to stage 3 CKD undergoing coronary/peripheral interventions as detected by eGFR and serum creatinine},

author = {Kazi Jawwad Hussain and Kazi Wajid Hussain and Kazi Arshad Hussain and Abhishek Golla},

url = {http://jcdronline.org/admin/Uploads/Files/62f7757f1a7db0.85049614.pdf},

issn = {0975-3583},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-30},

urldate = {2022-05-30},

journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research},

volume = {13},

issue = {5},

pages = {2116-2126},

abstract = {Background & Objectives: Contrast-induced nephropathy is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in high-risk patients undergoing any cardiac catheterisation especially among diabetic hypertensive patients with near normal creatinine. There have been many studies previously in diabetic patients developing CIN however not many studies have addressed the incidence and clinical predictors in combined hypertensive diabetics. The need for this study is to identify the incidence of contrast induced nephropathy, among diabetic hypertensive

patients with normal serum creatinine and stage 1 to stage 3 CKD as assessed by eGFR undergoing cardiac catheterization. Materials & Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiology, Bengluru.The study included patients like diabetic and hypertensive who are undergoing coronary/peripheral catheterisation attending the Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiology, Bengluru during the period of February 2016 to July 2017 (18 months study).Serum Creatinine was collected by pre and post catheterization in patients with diabetes undergoing cardiac catheterization and six months post procedure. Other variables were also calculated like hemoglobin, blood sugar and HbA1c,LVEF.

Results: Among 140 patients 26(18.57%) patients developed CIN and 114 (81.43%) did not develop CIN. Diabetic patients had significantly higher incidence of CIN (p value 0.013). Incidence of CIN in hypertensive patients was (15.8%) which was statistically insignificant. Patient with CKD as determined by eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73m2 had significantly higher incidence of CIN (p value 0.039). Mean serum creatinine values pre,post and follow up after 6 months were 0.868, 0.956 and 0.962 mg/dl respectively (p value <0.001). Mean eGFR values pre,post and follow up after 6 months were 100.39, 90.74 89.57 ml/mim/1.73m2 respectively (p value <0.001) .Mean Hb values pre,post and follow up after 6 months were 14.12 ,13.30 and 13.9 gm/dl respectively (p value <0.001) Conclusion: CIN is an iatrogenic disorder, resulting from the administration of Contrast media. Periprocedural blood loss, tachycardia, eGFR<60,low ejection fraction, diabetes, greater amount of contrast medium, and higher number of stents are important factors correlating with CIN. These risk factors are synergistic in their ability to predispose to the development of CIN. A careful risk–benefit analysis must always be performed prior to the administration of CM to patients at risk for CIN. Perhaps the most beneficial, and easily applicable, intervention is minimizing the amount of radio contrast dye used during the case.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kadloor_2022,

title = {Comparison of clinical outcomes among thrombolyzed and non-thrombolyzed STEMI patients: a single-centre observational study},

author = {Parvaiz Kadloor and Abhishek Golla and Rajashekar Reddy Gurrala},

url = {https://www.msjonline.org/index.php/ijrms/article/view/10461/7054},

doi = {10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20220975},

issn = {2320-6012},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-03-28},

urldate = {2022-03-01},

journal = {International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences},

volume = {10},

issue = {4},

pages = {845-849},

publisher = {Medip Academy},

abstract = {Background: There is a paucity of data that compare clinical outcomes, especially morbidity and mortality among thrombolyzed and non-thrombolyzed ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients in Indian population. Methods: An observational, single-centre study involving 70 patients who were diagnosed with STEMI from February 2014 to June 2015. Patients were thrombolysed after meticulous evaluation of indications for thrombolytic therapy, and later whenever needed they were subjected to revascularization therapy of either percutenous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Then, STEMI patients were categorized into thrombolyzed and non-thrombolyzed groups. Mortality and morbidity parameters such as effort tolerance expressed in terms of New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class and typical anginal chest pain at 1, 6, and 12-month were primary outcomes. Results: Mean age of the cohort was 53.2 years: 48 men and 22 women. Of the total, 58 (82.9%) patients underwent thrombolysis. Mean window period of thrombolysis therapy was 8.1±2.0 hours. Revascularization was required in 80% of cases. At 12-month, STEMI patients who were thrombolyzed had significantly better effort tolerance in terms of NYHA class than those who were non-thrombolyzed (25% versus 13.8%; p<0.005). At 1 and 6-month, STEMI patients who were thrombolyzed had significantly better effort tolerance in terms of typical anginal pain than those who were non-thrombolyzed (1-month, 82.8% versus 58.3%; p<0.005; 6-month, 4.3% versus 0.0%; p<0.005). Conclusions: This study enlightened the effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy together with revascularization (CABG or PCI) in reducing the morbidity rate than revascularization alone.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Humaira_2022,

title = {Effect of sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors in heart failure patients },

author = {Zareen Humaira and Zara Farheen and Ayesha Samreen and Syeda Safoora Marwa and Rajashekar Reddy Gurrala and Mohammed Hidayathulla and Mirza Misba Ali Baig },

url = {https://journalijrrc.com/index.php/AJRCD/article/view/40},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-03-17},

urldate = {2022-03-17},

journal = {Asian Journal of Research in Cardiovascular Diseases },

volume = {4},

issue = {1},

pages = {72-82},

abstract = {Aim: To study the management outcomes of heart failure therapy with SGLT2-inhibitors added to conventional therapy and to compare its effect in diabetic and non- diabetic heart failure patients. Methods: This is a prospective observational study done at the Department of Cardiology of a tertiary care hospital from November 2020 to January 2022. The study included 100 heart failure patients who were divided into two groups based on administration of SGLT2 inhibitors. Group I consists of HF patients without SGLT2i and Group II: HF patients with SGLT2i. Subjective and objective parameters were recorded as well as the management patterns of the patients were recorded during the hospital stay and the outcomes (improvement in NYHA class, rehospitalisation and mortality) were assessed at follow up. Results: Most of the patients included in the study belonged to NYHA class-III. In this study HFrEF was found to be more prevalent in both group I (71.4%) and group II (83.6%). There was a significant difference observed for ejection fraction both in Group-I (36.45 ± 0.6 vs 38.85 ± 0.75) and Group- II (34.3 ± 0..6 vs 39.2 ± 1.01) at admission and after follow up (P=0.001). In our study when the outcomes were compared between group-I and group-II, there was statistical significance observed for the improvement in NYHA class (54.2% vs 61.2%) and decrease in mortality (11.4% vs 4%) was also observed (P=0.01) at the end of 1 year follow up. The effect of SGLT2i on the primary outcome was consistent in patients regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes. Conclusion: Our study highlights that when SGLT2 inhibitors are used for treating HF patients with or without diabetes, they can have a positive impact as they achieve outcomes like improvement in NYHA class, decreased rehospitalisation and reduction in mortality risk. The study also indicates improvement in Left ventricular ejection fraction in case of HFrEF patients. Furthermore, randomization trials are required to determine the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors in Indian population to ascertain its association with better outcomes and to further promote its use. 

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Golla_2021b,

title = {Risk factors and coronary angiographic profile in young STEMI patients: results from a tertiary care centre in south-central India},

author = {Abhishek Golla and Parvaiz Kadloor and Rajashekar Reddy Gurrala and Kazi Jawwad Hussain and Kolli Sivadayal and K. Laxman Rao and Mohammed Hidayathulla and Shabbik Ali Shaikani },

url = {https://www.msjonline.org/index.php/ijrms/article/view/10442/6922},

doi = {10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20215040},

issn = {2320-6012},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-28},

urldate = {2021-12-01},

journal = {International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences},

volume = {10},

issue = {1},

pages = {111-115},

publisher = {Medip Academy},

abstract = {Background: Compared to older counterparts, a significant distinction has been found related to risk factors, clinical presentation, and prognosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in younger patients. To date, a lack of studies has been looked, specifically at-risk factors and angiographic profile of STEMI among younger patients; with this in mind, we conducted the present study. Methods: This hospital-based, cross-sectional, open-label study was carried out at Deccan College of Medical Sciences between April 2018 and December 2019. Patients under 40 years with the presentation of STEMI were included. All patients were subjected to electrocardiography, 2D echocardiography, and coronary angiogram. Baseline demographics, risk factors, and procedural characteristics were recorded. Results: Of 51 young STEMI patients, 41 (80.4%) were male and 10 (19.6%) were female. The most common risk factors associated with the development of STEMI in young patients were smoking (58.8%), followed by diabetes (45.1%), and dyslipidaemia (45.1%). Anterior wall MI was the most frequent presentation (84.3%). The left anterior descending artery was the most frequently (62.8%) involved vessel, followed by left circumflex artery (9.8%), and right coronary artery (5.9%). Conclusions: Insights gained from the study can aid in identifying clinical characteristics of STEMI in young patients, which may be beneficial to achieve appropriate and timely management. Further, the young population should be educated as to control modifiable risk factors and smoking cessation to prevent coronary artery disease since they belong to the highly productive group in the community.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kadloor_2021,

title = {Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with acute coronary syndrome as a risk factor for mortality},

author = {Parvaiz Kadloor and Mohammed Hidayathulla and Abhishek Golla},

url = {https://www.msjonline.org/index.php/ijrms/article/view/10423/6917},

doi = {10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20215035},

issn = {2320-6012},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-28},

urldate = {2021-12-01},

journal = {International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences},

volume = {10},

issue = {1},

pages = {80},

publisher = {Medip Academy},

abstract = {Background: The study aimed to evaluate left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) as the risk factor for mortality in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: This was an observational, single centre study. The patients who were admitted at tertiary care centre in India during the period February 2014 to June 2015 who were diagnosed with ACS were included in the study. The patients were evaluated by dividing into two groups based on LVEF. The patients were followed up to 1 year. Results: Total 100 patients were included in the study. Chest pain was the most prevalent complaint (60%). Seventy patients presented with STEMI (ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction) and 30 with NSTEMI (non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction). Seventy five patients had ejection fraction ≥40% and 25 patients had reduced ejection fraction. Reduced LVEF did not show any statistical difference in patients with presentation as STEMI and NSTEMI or need for revascularisation. At year follow up, total 9 patients died. However, reduced LVEF led to statistically higher deaths (p<0.05%). Conclusions: In our study it was observed that patients with ACS complicated by heart failure with reduced ejection fraction have a markedly increased short- and long-term mortality rates compared to ACS patients without heart failure.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Golla_2021,

title = {Comparative study of echocardiography and electrocardiographycriteria for detecting left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients},

author = {Abhishek Golla and Ramkumar V. S. and Ashok Kumar P. and Ravindranath S. and Indira Ramaiah and Veena N. and Vikram Adithya and Rajashekar Reddy Gurrala and Kazi Jawwad Hussain},

url = {https://www.msjonline.org/index.php/ijrms/article/view/10161/6830},

doi = {10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20214418},

issn = {2320-6012},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-11-30},

urldate = {2021-11-30},

journal = {International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences},

volume = {9},

issue = {11},

pages = {3364-3369},

abstract = {Background:The  study  aimed  to  compare  seven  different  electrocardiogram  (LVH)  criteria  for  diagnosing  left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) with echocardiogram as diagnostic standard in hypertensive patients. Methods:This was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study conducted in out-patient department and at medical wards of a tertiary care hospital at Bangalore. The study was carried out for a total duration of 12 months. All hypertensive patients underwent examination for prevalence of LVH using echocardiogram and ECG. Seven different ECG criteria were  applied  to  diagnose  the presence  of  LVH. Then the specificity, sensitivity, kappa  measurement value, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for all criteria was calculated subsequently. Results:Out of the 100 patients studied, 34 had LVH as diagnosed by echocardiography. Sokolow-Lyon criteria had a sensitivity of 35% and specificity of 94%. Cornell voltage had a sensitivity of 26% and specificity of 95%. Modified Cornell  voltage  had  a  sensitivity  of32%  and  specificity  of  94%.  Framingham  adjusted  Cornell  voltage,  Minnesota code and Cornell product had a sensitivity of 23.5% and specificity of 98.4%. Framingham score had a sensitivity of 38% and specificity of 95.4%. Conclusions:It  can be  concluded  that  among  all  the  different  criteria  used  in  the  study, Framingham  score  showed better sensitivity compared to others. In the evaluation of hypertensive patients for LVH, the role of ECG with all the commonly used criteria is of limited value and echocardiography is the method of choice.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Khan_2021c,

title = {Heart failure outcomes in patients with and without renal impairment},

author = {Faizah Khan and Tayseen Sultana and Syeda Hafsa and Hafsa Anjum and Rajashekar Reddy Gurrala and Abhishek Golla and Azmath Unnisa Begum},

url = {https://journalajcr.com/index.php/AJCR/article/view/69/139},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-07-16},

urldate = {2021-07-16},

journal = {Asian Journal of Cardiology Research},

volume = {4},

issue = {1},

pages = {205-218},

abstract = {Aims:To evaluate the differences in clinical characteristics, management patterns and outcomes in acute heart failure patients with and without renal impairment.Study Design: Prospective observational study.Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Cardiology, Princess Esra Hospital, Telangana, Hyderabad, from August 2019 to January 2021.Methods: We included 127 acute heart failure patients who were divided into two groups based on their  renal  function:  group  I  having  GFR  >60ml/min  (normal  renal  function)  and  group  II  having GFR  ≤60ml/min  (renal impairment).Subjectivedata,  objective  parameters  and  management patterns  of  patients  were  recorded  during  the  hospital  stay  and  the  outcomes  (improvement  in NYHA class, readmissions and mortality) were assessed at follow up.Results:Among atotal of  127 patients; 62 patients had a LVEF  <40% (HFrEF),38 patients had a LVEF  40-49%  (HFmEF)  and  27  patients  had  a  LVEF  ≥50%  (HFpEF).The  prevalence  of  renal impairment  was  found  to  be  more  in  acute  heart  failure  patients  with  preserved  EF  (77.7%). Patients in group II were less likely to receive ACEIs/ARBs (P=0.0010) and digoxin (P=0.001) and more likely to receive H+ISDN (P=0.0001).The mortality in group II patients was significantly more when compared to group  I patients  at the  end of 1  year follow up (41.46% vs  13.33%;P=0.001). Group ll also showed less clinical improvement in NYHA class(32.92% vs 46.66%;P=0.12) at the end of 1 year follow up.Conclusion: AHF  patients  with  renal  impairment  had  higher  mortality  at  one  year.  In  this  study glomerular filtration rate was a stronger predictor of mortality than left ventricular ejection fraction. There  was  significant  underutilization  of  important  heart  failure  therapies  in  patients  with  renal impairment. Future clinical trials are suggested to validate benefits of disease modifying therapies (H+ISDN) and newer drugs (ARNIs, SGLT2 inhibitors) in patients with renal impairment.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ali_2021b,

title = {A study of the cardiovascular risk factor profile in patients with acute coronary syndrome},

author = {Syed Azhar Ali and Mohammed Hidayathulla and Wajhia Sultana and Amina Shareef},

url = {https://www.ijhcr.com/index.php/ijhcr/article/view/876/763},

issn = {2590-3241},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-02-08},

urldate = {2021-02-08},

journal = {International Journal of Health and Clinical Research},

volume = {4},

issue = {3},

pages = {70-73},

abstract = {ntroduction:Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains a leading cause of death in the United States. Numerous studies have shown that the risk factors are  major if not the most important determinant of long-term outcome in ACS.Aims:This study is taken up to study the cardiovascular risk factor profile in patients with acute coronary syndrome.Materials and methods: 120 patients with acute coronary syndrome, admitted to the ICCU,  Department of  Cardiology,  ,who had  been  diagnosed  with  acute coronary  syndrome were enrolled  for  the  study.Results:  In  this  study 60%  of  patients  had  metabolic  syndrome and  40%  did  not  satisfy  the  criteria  for  MS.  In  the  MS+  group  59  (82%)  are  males  and  13(18%)  are females Mean age of the patients of the study is 51.3 years. Mean age of the patients with and without metabolic syndrome is 52.3 and 48.9 years respectively. 22%, 45.8%, 29%, 20.8% and 16.7% of patients with metabolic syndrome had history of  smoking, hypertension, diabetes, obesityand  coronary  artery  disease  respectively,  of  which  history  of  hypertension  has  statistical  significance.Among  males,  34  satisfied3  criteria  of metabolic  syndrome,  17  satisfied 4  criteria  and  2  satisfied all  5 criteria  of  MS.  Among  females, 3  satisfied  3 criteria of  metabolic  syndrome, 7 satisfied 4 criteria and 4 satisfied all 5 criteria.Conclusion:The most commonly affected were elderly. Among the risk factors, smoking was the most common risk factor found in the present study.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hidayathulla_2020,

title = {A prospective study of benefits and risk of paclitaxel drug in the treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease},

author = {Mohammed Hidayathulla and Syed Azhar Ali and Syeda Tasneem Kausar},

url = {https://ejmcm.com/uploads/paper/5449bd7638f1d78a6d43ec2420c67ca8.pdf},

issn = {2515-8260},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-30},

urldate = {2020-09-30},

journal = {European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine},

volume = {7},

issue = {9},

pages = {3588-3597},

abstract = {Introduction: Femoro-popliteal arterial disease is a common vascular condition and Various methods of revascularization have been tried which includes simple balloon angioplasty, debulking techniques , stent implantation , and recently the drug eluting balloons. Paclitaxel drug eluting balloons are more promising in the approach to treat femoro-popliteal arterial disease . Material and Methods: The present study from march 2016 to january 2018 was conducted on 25 cases prospectively in patients admitted to the Department of cardiology sri jayadeva institute of cardiovascular sciences and research center, Bangaluru (Karnataka). femoral artery using cross over sheath VascuQol – 6 disease specific health related quality of life questionnaire post procedure . Results: A success rate of 92% was recorded and patients treated with DCB showed significantly higher primary patency of the affected vessel. The current study reveals that vascuQoL-6 score used to assess the quality of life of the patient with peripheral arterial disease before and after the intervention improved and it is statistically significantly. Conclusion: We conclude that Use of paclitaxel drug coating balloon is safe and efficacious in treating femoro-popliteal arterial disease. Restenosis which was noted in 8% of our cases can be successfully managed with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty using same DCB.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hazari_2020,

title = {Role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) In conjunction with coronary artery involvement as a biomarker for the magnitude of current of injury, type of intervention and clinical outcomes in STEMI},

author = {Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari and K. Laxman Rao and Bachi Tazneem and Sara Sana Ayesha Khanum and Huma Quadri and Syeda Kehkashan Jabeen},

url = {https://journalajcr.com/index.php/AJCR/article/view/22},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-17},

urldate = {2020-01-17},

journal = {Asian Journal of Cardiology Research},

volume = {3},

issue = {1},

pages = {1-7},

publisher = {OA Academic Press},

abstract = {Background: The potential prognostic biomarker—neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be used to predict the severity of STEMI. We conducted an observational study using this parameter together with the extent of coronary artery involvement from coronary angiogram and magnitude of ST-elevation on ECG to determine the prognosis and the length of hospital stay. The effect of early reperfusion with thrombolysis was also observed.

Methods and Results: 30 subjects (age 56.43 ± 13.98), with ST-elevation on ECG at admission, treated with streptokinase and undergoing angiogram were taken for the study. Repeated ECGs and complete blood picture on admission day, day 3, day of discharge and on the follow-up day were obtained. Out of 30 subjects, 15 received thrombolysis out of which 12 (80%) survived compared to the other 15 subjects who presented late, out of which 10 (66.6%) survived. Mean ST-elevation on the day of admission, on day 3, day of discharge and on follow up was found to be 0.39 ± 0.12, 0.18 ± 0.12, 0.05 ± 0.07, 0.00 ± 0.00 respectively. NLR values on admission day were 7.89 ± 4.98, day 3 (6.24 ± 5.05), day of discharge (4.34 ± 2.74) and on follow up (1.71 ± 1.40) indicating association of higher NLR values with magnitude of current of injury. NLR values as high as 18.5 were observed in expired subjects. The length of hospital stay was found to be 6.43 ± 5.03 days.

Conclusion: There was a linear decrement in ST-segment resolution with a decrease in NLR and can be attributed to the natural course of disease and type of intervention provided. Nevertheless, the univariate correlation between ECG and NLR on various days of treatment was not significant.},

key = {AJCR.53641},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hazari_2019,

title = {A comparative study of central and peripheral arterial parameters in hypertensive patients on angiotensin receptor blockers and calcium channel blockers},

author = {K. Laxman Rao and Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari and Bachi Tazneem and Ahmed Abdul Aziz and Asiya Mohtesham and A. Afreen and Kethavath Priyanka},

url = {https://www.jhrr.org/article.asp?issn=2394-2010;year=2019;volume=6;issue=2;spage=76;epage=81;aulast=Rao;type=0},

doi = {10.4103/0028-3886.263243},

issn = {2394-2010},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-07-23},

urldate = {2019-07-23},

journal = {Journal of Health Research and Reviews},

volume = {6},

issue = {2},

pages = {76-81},

publisher = {Wolters Kluwer - Medknow},

abstract = {Aims: Untreated or inappropriately managed hypertension (HTN) is a significant risk factor for all-cause morbidity and mortality due to its complications. For proper management of HTN, timely diagnosis and classification into appropriate category is crucial. According to hypertensive class category, pharmacological therapy can be initiated according to the national or international guidelines. Various antihypertensive medications have differential effects on peripheral and central arterial parameters. Our study was aimed at comparing the effects of two classes of antihypertensive drugs, i.e., angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs). Materials and Methods: Hypertensive patients on monotherapy – ARBs (Group 1, n = 35) and CCBs (Group 2, n = 35) – over the age of 18 years, belonging to both genders, were recruited. Results: Heart rate and peripheral and central arterial pressures were lower in Group 2 compared to Group 1; ankle brachial index and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity were less in Group 1 in comparison with Group 2; but these differences were statistically not significant. Conclusions: We conclude that the two groups of drugs were equally effective in blood pressure reduction, both in central and peripheral arteries.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gurrala_2019,

title = {A comparative study of efficacy of metroprolol and ivabradine in acute ST elevation myocardial infarction patients},

author = {Rajashekar Reddy Gurrala and Vinod K. Unni and Parvaiz Kadloor and T. K. Mohammed Rayees and Syed Azeemuddin Razvi and Syeda Uzma and Mehruq Fatima},

url = {https://www.msjonline.org/index.php/ijrms/article/view/6274/4711},

doi = {10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20191671},

issn = {2320-6012},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-04-26},

urldate = {2019-04-26},

journal = {International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences},

volume = {7},

issue = {5},

pages = {1757-1761},

abstract = {Background: The ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), a fatal disease, is rapidly extending in patients, worldwide. Therefore, proper and timely diagnosis followed by appropriate management becomes necessary. The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of metoprolol and ivabradine in acute STEMI patients. Methods: This was an observational, comparative, in-hospital study carried out in patients admitted in the in-patient cardiac department, intensive cardiac care unit of a tertiary care centre in India. Total 60 patients diagnosed with acute ST-elevation MI were included in the study and were equally divided into two groups. Group 1 involved patients who were given metoprolol for treatment and group 2 involved patients who were given ivabradine. The patients were assessed in terms of heart rate, NYHA class, and ejection fraction. Follow-up of 30 days was taken in all patients. Results: Ivabradine reduced mean heart rate from 85.57 bpm at baseline to 78.23 bpm. Heart rate in the metoprolol group was reduced from 81.93 bpm to 76.47 bpm over the same time period. Metoprolol and ivabradine showed significant improvement in the ejection fraction volume during the in-hospitalization stay. Ivabradine showed a better improvement in ejection fraction when compared to metoprolol but the difference was not found to be statistically significant. Higher mortality was assessed in ivabradine group compared to metoprolol. Conclusions: The study gives the gold standard efficacy and mortality benefit of metoprolol, although ivabradine on the other hand gave better responses in heart rate reduction and improvements in ejection fraction.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Siddiqui_2018,

title = {Clinical outcomes of switching antiplatelet therapy from prasugrel to clopidogrel after 3-6 months of percutaneous coronary intervention with DES: a preliminary study},

author = {Shaheda Siddiqui and Rajashekar Reddy Gurrala and Hafsa Sania and Hafsah Hani and Maryam Shoukath and Madiha Nooreen and Vinod K. Unni and Parvaiz Kadloor},

url = {https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA573309377&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=&p=AONE&sw=w&userGroupName=anon%7Ec5a0bd07&aty=open-web-entry},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-04-30},

urldate = {2018-04-30},

journal = {Indian Heart Journal Interventions},

volume = {1},

issue = {1},

pages = {35-39},

abstract = {Introduction: Dual antiplatelet therapy comprising aspirin and a P2Y[sub]12-receptor inhibitor for 1 year is the recommended treatment for the prevention of recurrent thrombotic events in patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with the implantation of drug-eluting stent (DES). Objectives: To assess the safety and efficacy of switching the subjects from prasugrel to clopidogrel after 3-6 months of PCI with DES. Materials and methods: It is a single-center, prospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. The study included 100 subjects who underwent PCI with DES using prasugrel as the initial antiplatelet agent along with aspirin. Between 3 and 6 months after PCI, the patients were switched from prasugrel to clopidogrel without a loading dose. These subjects were followed up at day 28 and day 90 after switch for adverse events. Results: The mean age of subjects was 52.58[+ or -]10.14 years. Of the total subjects, 59% were male and 41% were female. Approximately 53% subjects were switched after 3 months of PCI, whereas 47% were switched after 6 months. At day 28 and day 90 after switch, no major adverse cardiovascular events (including stent thrombosis) were reported. Only two episodes of minor bleeding were observed between day 28 and day 90. Conclusion: In this preliminary study, no major events, ischemic or bleeding, during the follow-up period after the subjects were switched from prasugrel to clopidogrel were reported. These findings suggest that switching the subjects from prasugrel to clopidogrel after 3-6 months of PCI may be safe and effective.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gurrala_2016,

title = {Myeloperoxidase variants (at SNP-463 G/A) and the risk of coronary artery disease: a case control study},

author = {Rajashekar Reddy Gurrala and K. Laxman Rao and Vinod K. Unni and Parvaiz Kadloor and Nausheen Fatima and Parveen Naimath and Mohammed Ishaq},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/indian-journal-of-applied-research-(IJAR)/fileview/June_2016_1466490696__109.pdf},

doi = {10.36106/ijar},

issn = {2249-555X},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-06-30},

urldate = {2016-06-30},

journal = {Indian Journal of Applied Research},

volume = {6},

issue = {6},

pages = {334-335},

abstract = {The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at -463 G/A position by PCR in predisposition to coronary artery disease. A total of 69 CAD patients to an equal number of healthy subjects were included in the study. The frequency of AA genotype in patients was 1.44% compared to

5.79% in healthy controls. Odd ratio analysis revealed a OR=0.24 indicating that persons with AA genotypes have about 76% reduced risk of CAD.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Raheem_2016,

title = {Comparative analysis of serum malondialdehyde levels as a marker of oxidation stress in acute myocardial infarction cases with and without T2DM},

author = {M. A. Raheem and Mohammed Siraj and Rajashekar Reddy Gurrala and Syed Azhar Ali and Priyanka T. N. and Mohammed Ishaq},

url = {https://www.journalijar.com/uploads/460_IJAR-10867.pdf},

issn = {2320-5407},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-06-30},

urldate = {2016-06-30},

journal = {International Journal of Advanced Research},

volume = {4},

issue = {6},

pages = {1270-1272},

abstract = {Oxidative stress is considered as one of the important mechanism in the causation of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) as well as cardiovascular diseases. Quantification of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) is generally employed as

reliable marker of assessment of oxidative stress. The objective of the present study was to estimate serum MDA levels in acute myocardial infarction cases with and without T2DM. A total of 60 AMI patients were studied, including 30 cases of AMI with T2DM and an equal number of cases of AMI without T2DM. Mean serum levels of MDA were 543.17± 56.97 and 423.50 ± 51.12 nmol/dL respectively in cases of AMI with T2DM and those without T2DM (p<0.05). Significantly elevated levels of serum MDA were observed in T2DM cases with AMI than those without T2DM. Significance of the results has been discussed in terms of age at onset as well as severity of AMI. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}