@article{Aziz_2025b,

title = {Are females more prone to thyroid dysfunctions in metabolic syndrome-a retrospective cohort study},

author = {Nusrat Aziz and Farah Bahmed and Shobha Mohammed and Mujahid Mohammed},

url = {https://journals.lww.com/jdrntruhs/fulltext/2025/04000/are_females_more_prone_to_thyroid_dysfunctions_in.10.aspx},

doi = {10.4103/jdrntruhs.jdrntruhs_94_23},

issn = {2950-5348},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-04-01},

urldate = {2025-04-01},

journal = {Journal of Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences},

volume = {14},

issue = {2},

pages = {187-190},

abstract = {Introduction: Metabolic syndrome or Insulin resistance syndrome is a multifactorial disorder associated with the development of cardiovascular, neurological, immunological, renal and endocrine disease. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a condition characterised by a group of metabolic abnormalities, with insulin resistance (IR) being a common cause. Our study aims to evaluate the need for thyroid dysfunction and the prevalence of MetS in males and females. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study with a total no of 100 enrolled patients of both genders who satisfied the inclusion criteria of the International Diabetes Federation of Metabolic Syndrome was randomly allocated to the study. The study was conducted between September 2019 and September 2022. The significance level was tested at p < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and 80% power of the study. Results: The study subjects were between 18 and 60 years old, with 35% males and 65% females. The mean age of patients with metabolic syndrome was 41.5 ± 18.5. A conclusion was drawn using the ANOVA Brown-Forsythe test, with an F value of 536.7 and a p-value of < 0.0001. Thyroid function test revealed that 48 patients were Euthyroid, 30 patients were Hypothyroid, 8 patients were Subclinical Hypothyroid, 7 patients were subclinical hyperthyroid, and none were Hyperthyroid. Thyroid dysfunction is 52% prevalent in Metabolic syndrome patients. Among Thyroid dysfunction, hypothyroidism is 30%, Subclinical Hypothyroidism is highly prevalent at 8%, and subclinical Hyperthyroidism is at 7%. There were no Hyperthyroid patients in the study. To prove the statistical significance, a chi-square test was used with 1 degree of freedom, p < 0.0079. Conclusion: The results suggested that patients with metabolic syndrome have a significantly increased chance of thyroid dysfunction, and the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is higher in female patients compared to males. Females may be more prone to thyroid dysfunction in metabolic syndrome.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Basith_2025,

title = {Incidence and detection of M.tb multi-drug resistance in Hyderabad population using the PCR–sequence method},

author = {Mohammed Abdul Basith and Moid Mir Siddiq Ali and Sarwat Fatima and Aleem Ahmed Khan and M. Aleemuddin Naveed and Raja Nagarapu and Farah Bahmed},

url = {https://journals.lww.com/jdrntruhs/fulltext/2025/01000/incidence_and_detection_of_m_tb_multi_drug.9.aspx},

doi = {10.4103/jdrntruhs.jdrntruhs_155_23},

isbn = {2950-5348},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

urldate = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences},

volume = {14},

issue = {1},

pages = {52-57},

abstract = {Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a multifaceted disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb) is a pathogenic bacterium, which poses to public health problem in both industrialized and developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, 8.8 million active cases of TB are diagnosed each year, and of these, almost 2 million die. Once thought to be under control, but TB infection levels are rising, and the threat is compounded by new, virulent, and drug-resistant strains. So we determine the Incidence and Detection of M.tb multi-drug resistance (MDR) in the Hyderabad population using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–Sequencing Method. Methodology: A prospective hospital-based study involving 60 patients was conducted for assessment of phenotypic conventional drug susceptibility testing combined with sequencing-based mutation screening, for increased sensitivity and identification of novel mutations in first-line M.tb drugs. Participants’ age ranged from >18 to rpoB and katG genes were amplified by using the designated primers and were sequenced to know the mutations and analyzed with reference sequences. Results: It has now been established that mutations in the rpoB gene and katG gene of M. tuberculosis are associated with resistance to Rifampicin and Isonazid, respectively. Present study, 67.5% of the non-responder group had a mutation at rpoB531 and katG315. 22.5% of the responder group had an Insertional mutation at rpoB513 and katG315. However, 4% of the non-responder group had a mutation at both rpoB codons 513 and 531 and katG codons 315 and 299. There are no mutations found in the control strain. Moreover, a novel mutation was also identified in this research where an extra Arginine was inserted at codon 513. Conclusion: We have shown the usefulness of our DNA sequencing strategy for drug susceptibility screening. Most MDR TB strains, which are resistant to both RIF and INH, are resistant to other antitubercular drugs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Unnisa_2023,

title = {Effect of physical activity on glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] in non-diabetic individuals},

author = {Arshiya Unnisa and Farah Bahmed and Farisa Khatoon and Mehnaaz Sameera Arifuddin and Nazia Uzma},

url = {https://journals.lww.com/jdyu/fulltext/2023/12030/effect_of_physical_activity_on_glycated_hemoglobin.15.aspx},

doi = {10.4103/jdrysruhs.jdrysruhs_24_22},

issn = {5555-6666},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-12-27},

journal = {Journal of Dr. YSR University of Health Sciences},

volume = {12},

issue = {3},

pages = {285-290},

abstract = {Introduction: Physical inactivity is a rapidly evolving public health issue that contributes to a wide range of chronic diseases and health consequences, including obesity, diabetes, and cancer. In addition to improving a patient’s overall health, increased physical activity has been demonstrated to be beneficial in the management of chronic conditions. The purpose of this research is to discover if there is a link between physical activity intensity and HbA1c levels in non-diabetic adults and, if so, which type of physical activity has the most impact on glycemic control.

Material and Methods: There were 90 healthy non-diabetic individuals in the study. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) score was calculated after each subject’s physical activity questionnaire was evaluated. Based on their IPAQ scores, the participants were split into three groups: low, moderate, and vigorous physical activity. A 3 mL blood sample was taken in a vacutainer to determine HbA1c levels. The data was produced in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using the statistical application SPSS 17.0.

Result: HbA1c values were statistically significant in the moderate-physical-activity group, while IPAQ showed a statistical difference between males and females in the vigorous-physical-activity group. In all three groups, IPAQ scores were significantly different but not in HbA1c levels. The HbA1c and IPAQ scores had a modest negative connection. The difference between males and females in our study was statistically insignificant. The body mass index (BMI) and HbA1c, as well as BMI and IPAQ, were found to have a positive linkage.

Conclusion: Physical activity, particularly moderate-to-vigorous activity, has a bigger influence on non-diabetic people’s glycemic regulation.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sultana_2023d,

title = {Morphometric study of human brain ventricles by magnetic resonance imaging in Indian population: a retrospective study},

author = {Zafar Sultana Abdul Saleem and Farah Bahmed and Syeda Sadia Sameera and Sravan Kumar Marupaka and Habib Khan Gulab Khan Pathan},

url = {https://journals.lww.com/jdyu/fulltext/2023/12020/morphometric_study_of_human_brain_ventricles_by.15.aspx},

doi = {10.4103/jdrntruhs.jdrntruhs_210_22},

issn = {5555-6666},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-12-01},

urldate = {2023-12-01},

journal = {Journal of Dr. YSR University of Health Sciences},

volume = {12},

issue = {2},

pages = {171-177},

abstract = {Introduction: Ventricular parameters are used to study hydrocephalus, schizophrenia, tumors, trauma, Alzheimers disease, gender, aging and atrophy associated with many neurological diseases as stroke and dementia, to assess loss of brain parenchyma. Normal reference values of brain ventricles obtained by MRI are necessary to create baseline data for interpreting pathological changes, planning surgery and determining presence and progress of some neurological disorders. Materials and Method: This is a retrospective, cross sectional and non-interventional study. we have studied 100 brain MRI digital images. Following parameters have been studied frontal horn width [FHW], transverse internal diameter of skull[TIDS-F] at same level, frontal horn ratio[FHR], frontal horn length on both sides [FHLR & FHLL], total length of lateral ventricle on both sides [LVLR & LVLL], posterior horn width [PHW], transverse internal diameter of skull at same level [TIDS-P], fourth ventricle width [FVW] and fourth ventricle anteroposterior distance [FVAP]. SPSS. version. 21 was used for statistical analysis. Results: There were 54 females and 46 males between age 20 years to above 60 years. Frontal horn width, posterior horn width and total inner diameter of skull at frontal and posterior level has shown significant gender differences with P value as 0.0034,0.0004,0.00013 and 0.0004 respectively. Frontal horn ratio, total length of right and left lateral ventricles and total inner diameter of skull has shown significant increase with age. Conclusion: The normal reference values of ventricles obtained from MRI are necessary to form baseline data, for interpreting pathological changes and planning surgeries.volumetric measurements will provide more information than linear measurements.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Naeem_2017b,

title = {Influence of glycemic control on platelet count in type II diabetics in absence of vascular complications},

author = {Kazi Husna Abdul Naeem and Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari and Farisa Khatoon and Farah Bahmed and Fariha Mohammedi },

url = {https://www.medpulse.in/Physiology/Article/Volume5Issue2/Physiology_5_2_4.pdf},

doi = {10.26611/103524},

issn = {2550-7613},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-08-23},

urldate = {2018-08-23},

journal = {MedPulse International Journal of Physiology},

volume = {5},

issue = {2},

pages = {22-24},

abstract = {Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has attained a state of a global emergency with increasing prevalence worldwide. Altered thrombocyte morphology, count and function have been reported with diabetics. The present study aimed at determining the variation in platelet count with degree of glycaemic control in Type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: A total of 200 subjects were enrolled in the study of which 100 had HbA1c < 6.5 and 100 had HbA1c > 6.5. Sample for glucose estimation and platelet indices were collected and estimation were carried out by the auto-analyzer. The statistical evaluation was done using SPSS version 22. Student t- test was used for comparison between two variables namely HbA1c and platelet count. Results: Mean Platelet count was found to be significantly higher in patients with type -2 diabetes mellitus with HbA1C > 6.5 in comparison to patients having HbA1c < 6.5.(p < 0.01) Conclusion: This study revealed a higher mean platelet count for diabetics with poor glycaemic control than for diabetics with good glycaemic control. However, platelet counts in both groups were within the normal reference range for healthy individuals. Platelet count with other platelet indices like Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width are simple, effective and cheap tests that may be used to predict vascular complications in type 2 DM.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bahmed_2016,

title = {Relation between respiratory rate and heart rate - A comparative study},

author = {Farah Bahmed and Farisa Khatoon and Barra Ram Reddy},

url = {https://www.ijcap.org/article-details/2970},

doi = {10.5958/2394-2126.2016.00099.2},

issn = {2394-2118},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-12-31},

urldate = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology},

volume = {3},

issue = {4},

pages = {436-439},

publisher = {IP Innovative Publication Pvt. Ltd.},

abstract = {Background: Activity of many physiological subsystems has a well-developed rhythmic character. Often a dependency between physiological rhythms is established due to interaction between corresponding sub-systems. A well-known feature of oscillatory systems and biological oscillators in particular, is their ability to synchronize. The cardiac and respiratory systems each function is an oscillatory manner, providing a nice example of coupled biological oscillators. The present study has been conducted to evaluate the relation between Respiratory rate and Heart rate and comment upon frequency coupling involved in cardiovascular and Respiratory systems.

Materials and Methods: 40 conscious healthy adults belonging to both sexes were screened using standardized digital physiograph. Piezoelectric respiratory belt was used for respiratory recording. A bipolar limb lead ECG was used for cardiac activity.

Results: The data of healthy subjects showed strong variability in heart rate and respiratory rate in a 15 minute recorded segment and subjected to fast Fourier Transforms.

Conclusion: We thereby conclude that frequency coupling is the important aspect of cardio-respiratory interaction as we detected the presence of several different n: m epochs within one record.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sayeed_2016,

title = {Effect of testosterone and estrogen ratio-An indicator of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)},

author = {Qhurrathul Ain Sayeed and Farisa Khatoon and Farah Bahmed and Maria Kaleem},

url = {https://www.ijcap.org/article-details/1883},

doi = {10.5958/2394-2126.2016.00030.x},

issn = {2394-2118},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-06-30},

urldate = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology},

volume = {3},

issue = {2},

pages = {125-130},

publisher = {IP Innovative Publication Pvt. Ltd.},

abstract = {Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common disease and major cause of morbidity in elderly men. Prostatomegaly often used interchangeably with BPH, is a prominent feature of the disease. Although sex steroid hormones play a vital role in prostate growth, their clinical significance is not completely clear. The phenomenon may be correlated with changes of sex hormone in serum of elderly population. Hence, the objective of this study was to study the roles of serum hormones levels – Testosterone (T) and Estradiol (E2) in elderly patients aged 60-75 years who are diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and to understand the correlation between T/E2 ratio over age as markers of prostate disease.

Methods: To conduct this case control study, a population of 30 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) had been selected and 30 well-matched males without BPH as a control group.

Result: Testosterone level declined with age, but serum estrogens level remains unaltered so estrogen may be involved in the development of BPH.

Conclusion: The present study suggests that testosterone estrogen ratio can be an indicator of BPH in patients above 45 years of age.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Khatoon_2016,

title = {Visual evoked potential as an early marker of diabetic retinopathy},

author = {Farisa Khatoon and Farah Bahmed and Nazeema Khatoon},

url = {https://www.ijcap.org/article-details/1899},

doi = {10.5958/2394-2126.2016.00046.3},

issn = {2394-2118},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-06-30},

urldate = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology},

volume = {3},

issue = {2},

pages = {200-204},

publisher = {IP Innovative Publication Pvt. Ltd.},

abstract = {Background: Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus causes damage to various organs, particularly eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and the blood vessels. Visual defects in diabetics occurs due to both vascular and metabolic abnormalities which can affect retina, optic nerve and visual pathway. Change in Visual evoked potential (VEP) response occurs in diabetic patients much earlier than development of overt retinopathy and these changes correlate with duration of disease. Aim of this study was to determine the subtle functional changes in the retina of diabetic eye with the help of VEP before diabetic retinopathy sets in. In the current study comparison between amplitudes, latency P100 of VEP in type 2 diabetes mellitus with that of healthy controls was done.

Method: Cross sectional study using 100 controls and 100 diabetic patients was carried out in the department of Physiology Deccan college of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software.

Result: Significant association was obtained between duration of diabetes mellitus and P100 latency.

Conclusion: VEP can be used as a very useful electrophysiological indicator of early subtle functional changes of retina in diabetes mellitus.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{David_2014,

title = {Does teaching experience influence personality types and teaching styles of faculty in a medical college},

author = {M. Anthony David Swaroop Kumar and Mehnaaz Sameera Arifuddin and Farah Bahmed and Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari and Syed Azherullah Quadri and Samreen Fathima and Hassan Bin Ali},

url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267040515_Does_teaching_experience_influence_personality_types_and_teaching_styles_of_faculty_in_a_medical_college},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-07-31},

journal = {International Journal of Health and Education},

volume = {3},

issue = {1},

pages = {56-62},

abstract = {The aim of this study was to determine if there is any influence of teaching experience on personality types and teaching styles of faculty members in a medical college. A total of 35 teachers of pre- and para-clinical departments of a medical college participated in this study. Their personality types and teaching styles were determined using appropriate

questionnaires. Their experience in years of teaching was used to divide them into 2 groups; Group 1: with less than and equal to 5 years and Group 2: more than 5 years teaching experience. Analyses were done using appropriate statistical methods. The study shows that the percentage of teachers who have extroverted personality type with an

expert style of teaching is more in Group 2 when compared to Group 1. Experience, expertise and appropriate teaching styles might help in bettering medical education in general.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bahmed_2014,

title = {Impact of seminars by and for medical students},

author = {Farah Bahmed and M. Anthony David Swaroop Kumar and Mehnaaz Sameera Arifuddin},

url = {http://nicpd.ac.in/ojs-/index.php/njirm/article/view/712},

issn = {2230-9969},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-04-30},

urldate = {2018-01-01},

journal = {National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine},

volume = {5},

issue = {2},

pages = {103-106},

abstract = {Background: The undergraduate medical program is a 5 year academic course wherein Physiology is taught in the first professional year. Physiology is nowadays a subject of clinical interest. It provides the basis to understand physiological processes and phenomena and thus the pathophysiology of disease. It also helps the students understand the basis for therapeutics and the management of diseases. The faculty of the Physiology department has a greater responsibility in making the study of the subject innovative, interesting and participatory, for the students. One such method we have adopted is organizing seminars by the students and for the students. Aim & objectives: This study aims to gauge the impact of student seminars on students who participated as well as on those who were spectators. Materials and methods: Students were encouraged to volunteer for taking seminars. They were given help by faculty to study and present small subtopics for about 10 minutes each. Later they were analyzed and statistical tests were done. Results: There was a positive response from both the participants and the spectators for the use of student seminars as a method of teaching/learning. Conclusions: Student seminars were discovered to be a good method of teaching learning which improved the depth of learning, teacher-student and student-student interactions and communication skills amongst the students participating. This was evident from the feedback obtained from the students.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Naveed_2014,

title = {A cross-sectional study on prescribing patterns on patients suffering from respiratory disorders in a teaching hospital of South India},

author = {M. Aleemuddin Naveed and Farah Bahmed and Mohammed Shakeel Mohammed Bashir and Syed Amir Ali and Salma Khatoon and Md. Mohib Hussain and Afshan Khatoon},

doi = {10.18049/jcmad/213},

issn = {2347-4513},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-04-30},

urldate = {2014-04-30},

journal = {Journal of Contemporary Medicine and Dentistry},

volume = {2},

issue = {1},

pages = {12-17},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Arifuddin_2014,

title = {Does the teaching performance of faculty in Physiology change over the years?},

author = {Mehnaaz Sameera Arifuddin and Farah Bahmed and M. Anthony David Swaroop Kumar and Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari},

url = {https://eduimed.usm.my/EIMJ20140601/EIMJ20140601_09.pdf},

doi = {10.5959/eimj.v6i1.183},

issn = {2180-1932},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-03-01},

urldate = {2014-03-01},

journal = {Education in Medicine Journal},

volume = {6},

issue = {1},

pages = {e56-e61},

publisher = {Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Khan_2013,

title = {Waist-hip ratio as the predictor of hypertension in obese males},

author = {Mohd. Inayatullah Khan and Khan Tabassum Tanweer and Mudassir Mirza and Farah Bahmed},

issn = {2347-4513},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-04-30},

journal = {Journal of Contemporary Medicine and Dentistry},

volume = {1},

issue = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}