@article{Sarah_2022,

title = {COVID-19 vaccine– knowledge, attitude and practices among medical students in Hyderabad},

author = {Sayeedunnisa Sarah and Mohammed Sarosh Ahmed and Sultan Rizwan Ahmad },

url = {https://pimr.org.in/2022-vol10-issue-3/originalarticle10_v2.php},

doi = {10.47799/pimr.1003.12},

issn = {2348-1447},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-12-30},

urldate = {2022-12-01},

journal = {Perspectives in Medical Research},

volume = {10},

issue = {3},

pages = {68-71},

publisher = {Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences},

abstract = {Today as a lot of COVID 19 vaccines are available and are currently used, we conducted a study to assess the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of medical students in our college. An online survey was conducted through GOOGLE forms. In this study total participants are 155 medical students of which 28.4% (n=44) males and 71.6% (n=111) are females. Effectiveness of vaccine as perceived by participants in our study is 65.2%. The safety of the vaccine as considered by participants in this study is 55.5% In this study it was also noticed that when gender is compared with effectiveness and safety of vaccine both males and females felt equally it is effective as well as safe to take vaccine. There is a need to increase trust among our medical students. The elements that define and build trust must be understood and interventions like health awareness programs as role plays, talks on social media involving known personalities can be undertaken and crafted accordingly to improve the knowledge regarding COVID 19. Most of the seniors shared their readiness to take the vaccine than junior students. It was also found that seniors felt that they do not get enough information about vaccines when compared to juniors. The main source of information regarding COVID 19 vaccine for majority of the participants i.e., 71% (n=110) was through internet and social media and 16.8% (n=26) get from health care workers and the least number of participants got information from family and friends. Hence social media and internet can be used in a more appropriate way to remove vaccine hesitancy.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sarah_2018,

title = {Prevalence of anxiety and depression among medical students of Deccan Medical College, Hyderabad},

author = {Sayeedunnisa Sarah and Sultan Rizwan Ahmad and A. Chandrasekhar},

url = {http://journal.njrcmindia.com/index.php/njrcm/issue/view/7/5},

doi = {10.26727/NJRCM.2018.7.3.229-232},

issn = {2277-1522},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-07-31},

urldate = {2018-07-31},

journal = {National Journal of Research in Community Medicine},

volume = {7},

issue = {3},

pages = {229-232},

abstract = {Background:Different  Studies  on  depression  in  medical  students  have  shown  high  prevalence  of    20-30%.  Anxiety especially  in  new  medical  students  and  during  examination  periods  is  another  common  mental  health  problem  that  needs attention,  as  very  few  Medical  students  seek  medical/psychiatric  help  for  these  problems   Objectives:To  assess  the prevalence of Depression Anxiety and Stress in Medical students. To assess the patterns of Depression, Anxiety and Stress in relation to the severity and distribution amongMedical students.Methodology:A cross-sectional study was conducted in the month of November 2017 in Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad. Approval was obtained from Institutional ethical committee. A total of 275 Final MBBS [part-I (175) and Part-II (100)] students were selected for the study.  Written informed  consent  was  taken  from  study  populationthat  is  the  whole  batch. Those  students  who  were  absent  on  the  day  of data  collection  and  those  who  did  not  give  consent  to  participate  in  study  were  excluded  from  the  study.  Incomplete responses where students have not attempted at least one options of the questioner were also excluded. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale -21 Items (DASS-21) was used for data collection. DASS-21 is a set of three self-report scales designed to measure the emotional states of depression, anxiety and stress.Results:A total of 275 Students were included in the study  of  which 175 were studying  in Final  year part-I and 100 in Final  year Part-II,65% were female and 35% were  male students. Average age  of the student  was  20.3 years. We found that prevalence  of  depression among medical students were 28.72%. Among them 2.18 % had severe depression and 1% extremely severe depression.Conclusion:Around one third of the Medical students reported features of Depression and more than half reported features of Anxiety. Early recognition of vulnerable students like Failures, students with Language problems and learning difficulties, students  from  low  socio-economic  strata  and  their  effective  counseling  at  early  stages  by  teachers  will  go  long  way  in making  of  confident  doctors  and  confident  and  proficient  medical  fraternity.  Setting  up  students  counseling  centers  at medical colleges where students can approach to discuss their difficulties, regular orientation and motivational programmers, change  in  approach  of  teaching  from  inimically  authoritative  to  more  benevolent  and  empathetic  are  other approaches that need serious considerations. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ahmed_2018,

title = {A study of fingerprints in relation with gender and blood group among medical students in Hyderabad, India},

author = {Khazi Mudabbir Ahmed and Iqbal Banu Hussain and Sultan Rizwan Ahmad},

url = {https://www.ijfmt.com/scripts/IJFMT%20Jan-Mar%202018.pdf},

doi = {10.5958/0973-9130.2018.00047.6},

issn = {0973-9122},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-03-01},

journal = {Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology},

volume = {12},

issue = {1},

pages = {240-243},

abstract = {Back ground: Finger print identification is undoubtedly the most reliable and acceptable evidence till

date in the court of law. Fingerprints can be used to identify an unknown victim, witness, or a suspect.

Therefore, an attempt has been made to study the association of fingerprint pattern with gender & blood group. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among the medical students of MBBS of either gender. A total of 176 students were participated in study. Finger prints were taken on white paper and

blood group were also noted on same paper. Data were analyzed as frequency and chi square test. Results: Loops were the most common fingerprint pattern. B+ve and A+ve were common blood group. Association between loops with Blood group A+ve and of whorls and arched with B+ve was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Knowledge of finger pattern could help in the prediction of blood group in medico-legal investigations. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ahmed_2018b,

title = {Study of road traffic accident cases attending tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad, India},

author = {Khazi Mudabbir Ahmed and Iqbal Banu Hussain and Sultan Rizwan Ahmad},

url = {https://www.ijfmt.com/scripts/IJFMT%20Jan-Mar%202018.pdf},

doi = {10.5958/0973-9130.2018.00048.8},

issn = {0973-9122},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-03-01},

urldate = {2018-03-01},

journal = {Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology},

volume = {12},

issue = {1},

pages = {244-247},

abstract = {Background: Road traffic accidents ( RTA) is an important cause of death among young people in India. Cost of treatment or death of young people cause considerable economic losses to victims and their families.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to study the characteristics of injuries from road traffic accidents in Hyderabad, India. Methodology: A study was conducted from January 2016 to June 2016 in Owaisi Hospital of

Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad. Data was collected on cases admitted due to RTA in Emergency Department of Owaisi Hospital. A total of 204 RTA cases were studied from the case records of the medical records section admitted during study period. The information collected consists of personal identification data, time, date, place, and type of injury, vehicles involved in RTA. Results: In this study 76.4% were males, common age group involved was of 20-39 years. Motorcyclists were 63% among population involved in RTA. Accidents were more on weekends. 70% of injuries were in both limbs. Conclusions: Most of the victims of road traffic accidents were young males and Motorcycle was common vehicle involved in accident.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ahmad_2017,

title = {A study to assess the knowledge and belief of female towards breast cancer and its screening practices in Hyderabad, India},

author = {Sultan Rizwan Ahmad and Shaik Riyaz Ameer and A. Chandrasekhar},

url = {http://journal.njrcmindia.com/index.php/njrcm/issue/view/13/10},

issn = {2277-1522},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-04-24},

urldate = {2017-04-24},

journal = {National Journal of Research in Community Medicine},

volume = {6},

issue = {2},

pages = {116-119},

abstract = {Background: Cancer affects all communities world wide, approximately 14 million new cases and 8 million deaths were there in 2012. Breast cancer is by far the most common cancer among women. Most of the victim  turn up for medical intervention at advanced stage when survival rate is low. Commonest reason for late reporting is lack of awareness about risk factor, symptoms and early detection methods of breast cancer. Objectives: To assess the knowledge and belief of female towards breast cancer. Methodology: A hospital based study was carried out at Deccan College of Medical sciences, Hyderabad during the period of August 2013 to October 2013. Women age 20  or  more attending Obstetric and Gynecology OPD of Owaisi hospital during study period were included in study. A pretested structured questioner was used to collect the needed  information  from  respondents.  Data  was  entered  in  MS  excel,  and  analyzed  and  presented  by frequency table. Results: Total 179 women were participated in study. Most of them (83.2%) were aware of breast cancer and agree that risk of breast cancer increase with high fat diet, early menarche, oral contraceptive  use and radiation exposure. Only 48% of participants were aware that test to detect breast cancer is available and only 20% had knowledge about breast self examination and only 4% practice it. Conclusion: It is concluded that though awareness regarding breast cancer was good but there was poor knowledge and practice about screening test.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ur-Rehman_2017,

title = {Refractive errors among school-going children in Hyderabad},

author = {Mohammed Zain Ur-Rehman and Sultan Rizwan Ahmad and Mariya Syed},

url = {https://www.bibliomed.org/mnsfulltext/67/67-1479278599.pdf?1669792606},

doi = {10.5455/ijmsph.2017.116342212016},

issn = {2277-338X},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

urldate = {2017-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health},

volume = {6},

issue = {4},

pages = {703-706},

abstract = {Background: Uncorrected refractive error is the leading cause of eye problem worldwide. Children are more vulnerable because it starts in school age and can hinder the learning process and educational achievement. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of known case of refractive error among school-going children and its socioeconomic characteristics, and attitude of the students toward corrective measure. Materials and Methods: A study was conducted among school-going children from 6th to 10th standard from three schools. Permission was taken from the respective school’s authority and consent was taken from parents through school. Each school had about 300 students, making a total of 900. Students are known to have refractive errors were included in the study. Out of 900, 190 were known to be affected. Data were collected using predesigned questionnaire and analyzed by appropriate statistical tests. Results: The prevalence of known case of refractive error was 21%. Maximum (51%) were between 11 and 12 years of age. About 95% of affected students had myopia. Majority of the students (54.2%) had blurring of vision as their initial complaint. Regarding family history of refractive errors, 65% of the student’s fathers were affected, 49% mothers were affected, and 43% of the siblings were affected. Almost 100% of the students used glasses and only 50% of the students get their eyes checked every 6 months. About 48% of students spent >2 h in front of screen and 47% students spent <2 h in outdoor activities. Conclusion: The prevalence of refractive error was very high; hence, school health services including eye screening should be given special attention.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ahmad_2016c,

title = {Health profile of pregnant women attending urban health centre in Hyderabad, Telangana, India},

author = {Sultan Rizwan Ahmad and Mehaboobi Shaik and A. Chandrasekhar},

url = {https://www.ijcmph.com/index.php/ijcmph/article/view/138/135},

doi = {10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20163936},

issn = {2394-6032},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-12-22},

urldate = {2016-12-22},

journal = {International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health},

volume = {3},

issue = {11},

pages = {3202-3206},

abstract = {Background: Maternal and child mortality is the outcome of multiple factors. Current maternal mortality in India is 254 per 100,000 live births. Improving the maternal and child health is an important public health goal of government of India. To prevent unwanted outcome of pregnancy, antenatal care (ANC) is most important method for early detection and prompt treatment of complications. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant women attending ANC clinic at urban health centre during September 2015 to November 2015. A pre tested semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was collected from 102 pregnant women attained ANC clinic during study period. The data was compiled and analyzed using appropriate statistical tools. Results: In present study majority (46%) of pregnant ladies belong to 20-25 years of age group and 26% had consanguinous marriage. In our study gravida 3, gravida 4 and gravid 5 were 29%, 12% and 5% respectively. 52 % of pregnant ladies had 3 ANC visit, almost 62% of pregnant ladies had done haemoglobin examination and 57% blood grouping testing. Pregnancy outcome were live birth in 82.66 % and abortion in 16.69%. 41% were previous LSCS and 9% were home delivery. In this study we found that high risk pregnancy were 59.8% and main reason of being high risk were previous LSCS (52%), anaemia (40%). Conclusions: High quality antenatal care as well as knowledge and practice of community regarding maternal care during pregnancy are important to unwanted outcome of pregnancy.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hussain_2016,

title = {Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding hepatitis B among medical students},

author = {Syed Faisal Hussain and Sultan Rizwan Ahmad and Osman Mohammed Muslehuddin and Husam Mohammed Muslehuddin },

url = {https://www.ijcmph.com/index.php/ijcmph/article/view/56/54},

doi = {10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20163484},

issn = {2394-6032},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-12-22},

urldate = {2016-12-22},

journal = {International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health},

volume = {3},

issue = {11},

pages = {2977-2981},

abstract = {Background: Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver cells. Main cause of hepatitis is viral infection by hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B is a serious, global, public health problem that gives rise to hepatocellular carcinoma with a mortality rate of about 600000 people worldwide. Medical students are also vulnerable to acquire this infection. Methods: A cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice regarding spread, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of Hepatitis B was undertaken amongst 341 undergraduate medical students using a standardized questionnaire. In addition to this awareness regarding post exposure prophylaxis and vaccination status of hepatitis B among the students were also studied. Results: In the present study 98.8% of medical students had correct knowledge regarding vaccine for hepatitis B. Study showed good knowledge regarding spread and risk factors for hepatitis B. 98.5% of the students gave the correct answer that hepatitis B is diagnosed by hepatitis markers test. Regarding treatment, 98.2% said that vaccination is the choice for treatment of hepatitis B. With respect to post exposure prophylaxis 97.1% said that vaccination is main source of post exposure prophylaxis and 91.8% said that HBIg is used for post exposure prophylaxis. Regarding the vaccination status of students for hepatitis B, 26.7% were fully vaccinated and 36.4 % were partially vaccinated and 37% were unvaccinated. Conclusions: This study showed that knowledge and attitude of medical students are good towards hepatitis B but practice is not sufficient as 1/3rd of students are unvaccinated. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ahmad_2016d,

title = {Family health survey: community diagnosis conducted in an urban field practice area of Hyderabad},

author = {Sultan Rizwan Ahmad and Syed Faisal Hussain and Osman Mohammed Muslehuddin and Husam Mohammed Muslehuddin and Sandeep Mane and A. Chandrasekhar},

url = {https://publichealth.medresearch.in/index.php/ijphr/article/view/53/71},

doi = {10.17511/ijphr.2016.i5.05},

issn = {2349-4158},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-10-31},

urldate = {2016-10-31},

journal = {Public Health Review: International Journal of Public Health Research},

volume = {3},

issue = {5},

pages = {210-215},

abstract = {Background: In India, routine reporting of health status by the health and social welfare functionaries is suboptimal. Surveys to assess the health status and living conditions of population are essential to monitor the ongoing health problems and initiate appropriate intervention. Through community diagnosis and health survey students are more exposed to various disease patterns in the community, which creates better prospect to practical learning. Material & Methods: A community diagnosis survey was done in urban field practice area by the department of Community Medicine, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad. A group of 4 students were given 25 families each, for a total of 100 families to survey their health status and socio-demographic factors. Information was collected related to their present health status, socioeconomic status, housing pattern, sanitation measure, and immunization status of under five children etc. Data was analyzed by appropriate tools. Results: In this survey 96% were Muslim families. Nuclear families were 81%. Majority i.e. 40% of the families belongs to class II and overcrowding was present in 28% of families. In these 100 family total population was 492 individuals. 8% of study population was under five years of age and nearly 4% was geriatric above 60 years of age. Female were more (50.6%) than male (49.4%). Crude literacy rate in study population was 78%. Prevalence of morbidity was 13.4%. Common morbidity was hypertension, diabetes and joints pain. 82% were fully vaccinated, 16% were partially vaccinated and 2% were unvaccinated. Conclusion: Through family health survey health need of community can be identified and medical students can also be sensitized to function as community physician.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ahmad_2016,

title = {Knowledge and attitudes of anganwadi workers about breast feeding in the field practice area of tertiary care hospital, Hyderabad},

author = {Sultan Rizwan Ahmad and Mohammad Abdul Thaher and A. Chandrasekhar},

url = {https://njcmindia.com/index.php/file/article/view/965/743},

issn = {0976-3325},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-05-31},

urldate = {2016-05-31},

journal = {National Journal of Community Medicine},

volume = {7},

issue = {5},

pages = {413-416},

abstract = {Background: Breast feeding is one of the most important determinants of child survival, birth spacing and prevention of childhood infections. It is important for the Anganwadi workers to have adequate scientific knowledge about breast feeding practices. . Hence this study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of AWW with regards to breast feeding practices. Methodology: A facility based cross sectional study was conducted covering all 68 ICDS centers. A pretested semi-structured questioner was given to all AWWs. All questions were read out and explained by the author and all queries were clarified. Results: only 70 % AWW believed that breast feeding should be given on demand and 75 % AWWs believed that bottle is better than katori & spoon for infant feeding. 40% said breastfeeding should be stopped if mother is sick. Most of AWW (98%) believed that almonds and dry fruits increase breast milk secretion. Conclusion: Present research draws very important conclusions that although knowledge of AWW regarding initiation of breast feeding is high but their knowledge regarding prelecteal feeds, feeding on demand, bottle feeding and breast feeding during sickness needs further improvement.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ahmad_2016b,

title = {Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding smoking among medical students},

author = {Sultan Rizwan Ahmad and Mohammad Abdul Thaher and A. Chandrasekhar},

url = {https://publichealth.medresearch.in/index.php/ijphr/article/view/38/55},

doi = {10.17511/ijphr.2016.i3.02},

issn = {2349-4158},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-05-22},

urldate = {2016-05-22},

journal = {Public Health Review: International Journal of Public Health Research},

volume = {3},

issue = {3},

pages = {96-101},

abstract = {Background: Tobacco smoking is a risk factor for many disease and cancers and one of the leading causes of death. Smoking is rampant among medical students all over the world. This study has been aimed at studying the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding smoking and awareness of smoking related legislation among medical students. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among the medical students in a Medical college. All students given consent were interviewed using a pre-designed and pretested questionnaire at a convenient time. Study and confidentiality aspects were explained to the students. Data were collected regarding knowledge, attitude and practice of smoking. Results: Prevalence of smoking was 18% among male students and nil among female students. Mean age of starting smoking was 18 years. 68% were daily smoker, and smoke 10 or fewer cigarettes daily. 44% got influenced by friends in initiating smoking. 63% smoker have smoker in friends or family. 36% of smokers have habit of alcohol consumption associated with smoking. 32% did not aware of legislation related to smoking. 20% students are aware that smoking is banned in educational institution. Conclusion: Students are trying to quite the smoking, support from friends and family could contribute significantly in helping them. Awareness regarding legislation related to smoking should be incorporated in students counseling activities.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Thaher_2016,

title = {Clinical presentation and outcome of dengue cases in tertiary care hospital, Hyderabad},

author = {Mohammad Abdul Thaher and Sultan Rizwan Ahmad and A. Chandrasekhar},

url = {https://www.bibliomed.org/mnsfulltext/67/67-1455086956.pdf?1693291773},

doi = {10.5455/ijmsph.2016.09022016405},

issn = {2277-338X},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-03-01},

urldate = {2016-03-01},

journal = {International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health},

volume = {5},

issue = {10},

abstract = {Background: Dengue viral infection, i.e., dengue fever (DF), and its sever form, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS), form the most important mosquito-borne diseases and have become a major global public health concern. The World Health Organization estimates that 50 million dengue infections occur annually and 500,000 people require hospitalization each year. Objective: To evaluate the clinical features and outcome of dengue infection case admitted in a tertiary-care hospital (government fever hospital) in Hyderabad. Materials and Methods: A hospital record-based descriptive study was performed in a tertiary-care hospital in Hyderabad. Medical records of 80 seropositive dengue patients who were admitted from July 1 to August 31, 2015 were studied and analyzed. Result: Of 80 seropositive dengue patients, 25% were female and 75% were male patients, 24% patients were <15 years of age, and 9% patients were above 45 years, while majority (67%) belonged to age group of 15–45 years, with the majority in that being students. Mean hospital duration stay was 4.76 ± 1.53 days; 45% of patients showed DF, 21% DHF stage I, 19% DHF stage II, 9% DHF stage III, and 6% DHF stage IV. All 45% patients of DF revealed platelet count more than 100,000; remaining 55% patients of DHF and DSS showed platelet count less than 100,000. All 85% patients up to DHF stage II were normotensive patients, while 15% patients belonging to DHF stages III and IV showed hypotensive

condition. Conclusion: Dengue infection ranges from mild self-limiting illness to severe disease with high cure rate. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ahmad_2014,

title = {Study of treatment interruption of new sputum smear positive TB cases under DOTS strategy},

author = {Sultan Rizwan Ahmad and Gajanan D Velhal},

url = {https://www.bibliomed.org/mnsfulltext/67/67-1399283328.pdf?1693292675},

doi = { 10.5455/ijmsph.2014.050620141},

issn = {2277-338X},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-06-05},

urldate = {2014-06-05},

journal = {International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health},

volume = {3},

issue = {8},

pages = {977-981},

abstract = {Background: In 1993 GoI launched RNTCP and adopted DOTS-Strategy, to revitalize the TB control programme in India. Aims & Objective: This study attempts to find out the prevalence and reasons for non-adherence /non-compliance to DOTS. Materials and Methods: Community based prospective observational study was conducted with 281 newly diagnosed sputum positive TB cases. The follow-up sputum examination, interruption from treatment and reasons for non-adherence details were obtained at the end of the 2nd, 4th & 6th month for sputum smear negative TB cases and 5th & 7th month for sputum smear positive TB cases.

Results: Study shows 25% of the cases did not report for follow up sputum smear examination after intensive phase and 50% of the cases at the end of follow up. Main reasons for not attending the follow-up sputum smear examination were lack of awareness (45%) and workload (31%). During the treatment period, 28 % were interrupted in intensive phase and 40% interrupted in continuation phase and 29% were defaulters. The reasons for treatment interruption were adverse effects (39%), lack of personal interest (27%) and work load (27%). Treatment interruption was more in age group of 0-50 years (74.87%), male (74.54%), illiterate (77.38%) and

labourers (75.32%). Conclusion: Noncompliance was found to be mainly due to lack of unawareness, lack of time, side effects of medicines, which can be modified by IEC and focus service delivery on high risk groups.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ahmad_2013,

title = {Study of treatment outcome of new sputum smear positive TB cases under DOTS strategy},

author = {Sultan Rizwan Ahmad and Gajanan D Velhal},

url = {https://www.ijpbs.net/abstract.php?article=MjY1Mw==},

issn = {0975-6299},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-09-01},

urldate = {2013-09-01},

journal = {International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences},

volume = {4},

issue = {3},

pages = {1215-1222},

abstract = {Background: In India every year, 1.8 million new cases of TB occur, of which about 0.8 million are sputum positive pulmonary TB cases. This study attempts to find out the treatment outcomes of smear positive cases and factors that affect the outcome. Methodology: Community based prospective observational study was conducted in urban slums of Mumbai. Total 281 newly diagnosed sputum smear positive TB cases were selected, followed-up, and treatment outcome was obtained within 1 month after completion of continuous phase of treatment. Results: Tuberculosis is common among the illiterates (nearly 60 %) and labourers (53%), people below poverty line (90%), living in overcrowded houses (75%). In the present study, 42.7% were cured, 24.56% were treatment completed, 8.19% had died, and 4.98% were failure and 19.57% were defaulters after treatment. The cure rates and treatment completion were comparatively better in the age groups of 0-49 years (44.50 & 26.7%) and among females (53.85% &32.31%).  Defaulter, Death and failure are more in labourer (22.78%, 9.49 %& 7.59%) and illiterates (26.79%, 10.71% & 6.55%). Cure rates and treatment completion are low among smokers (39.1% & 21.85%) and tobacco chewer (29.73% & 16.22%). Conclusion: Lower cure rates and high defaulters are found to be associated with illiteracy and smoking, which can be modified by IEC and focus service delivery on high risk groups.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ahmad_2012,

title = {Impact of life style modifications among diabetics in an urban slum of Mumbai},

author = {Sultan Rizwan Ahmad and Gajanan D Velhal and Yasmeen K Kazi},

url = {https://njcmindia.com/index.php/file/article/view/1784/1465},

issn = {0976-3325},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-12-31},

urldate = {2012-12-31},

journal = {National Journal of Community Medicine},

volume = {3},

issue = {4},

pages = {636-641},

abstract = {Purpose: Present study was undertaken to assess the impact of life style modifications and self care practices, among type II diabetics. Methodology: An experimental epidemiological study adopting before and after intervention study design, was undertaken in an urban slum in Mumbai. Representative sample of 200 type II diabetics, received package of interventions along with follow up for 12 months, to assess the impact. Findings: Present study reveals good family support to the patients (90%). Blood sugar, BP, BMI and calories intake decreased significantly after intervention, along with improvement in life style (29% to 40% of patients) and self care practices (1.5% to 15% of patients), with clear difference according to the level of modifications. Major life  style modifications and self care practices include spacing of meals, regular exercises, self examination of urine,  foot care and carrying biscuits/sugar during traveling. Conclusion: Life style modifications and self care practices promote health of type II diabetics evident by qualitative and quantitative parameters. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}