@article{Bushra_2024,

title = {Molecular basis of sepsis: A new insight into the role of mitochondrial DNA as a damage-associated molecular pattern},

author = {Bushra and Shaik Iqbal Ahmed and Safia Begum and Maaria and Mohammed Safwaan Habeeb and Tahmeen Jameel and Aleem Ahmed Khan},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1567724924001259?via%3Dihub},

doi = {10.1016/j.mito.2024.101967},

issn = {1567-7249},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-11-01},

urldate = {2024-11-01},

journal = {Mitochondrion},

volume = {79},

issue = {suppl},

pages = {101967},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Sepsis remains a critical challenge in the field of medicine, claiming countless lives each year. Despite significant advances in medical science, the molecular mechanisms underlying sepsis pathogenesis remain elusive. Understanding molecular sequelae is gaining deeper insights into the roles played by various damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in disease pathogenesis. Among the known DAMPs, circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) garners increasing attention as a key player in the immune response during sepsis and other diseases. Mounting evidence highlights numerous connections between circulating cell-free mtDNA and inflammation, a pivotal state of sepsis, characterized by heightened inflammatory activity. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the molecular basis of sepsis, particularly emphasizing the role of circulating cell-free mtDNA as a DAMP. We discuss the mechanisms of mtDNA release, its interaction with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), and the subsequent immunological responses that contribute to sepsis progression. Furthermore, we discuss the forms of cell-free mtDNA; detection techniques of circulating cell-free mtDNA in various biological fluids; and the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications offering insights into the potential for innovative interventions in sepsis management.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ali_2024b,

title = {Effectiveness, utility, and economic analysis of three-drug treatment vs two-drug treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients},

author = {Syed Aamir Ali and Subhranshu Panda and M. Aleemuddin Naveed},

url = {https://www.ijrc.in/doi/IJRC/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-11010-1126},

doi = {10.5005/jp-journals-11010-1126},

issn = {2277-9019},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-09-30},

urldate = {2024-09-30},

journal = {Indian Journal of Respiratory Care},

volume = {13},

issue = {3},

pages = {146-151},

abstract = {Aim and background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and bronchodilators remain the mainstay of therapeutic modalities available for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, utility, and economic analysis of a three-drug treatment vs a two-drug treatment in COPD patients. Materials and methods: An observation was conducted at a superspecialty hospital in Hyderabad. Out of the 115 patients recruited from the inpatient and outpatient wards of the Pulmonology Department, 55 patients received triple therapy containing ICS, long-acting β-agonists (LABA), and long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA), whereas 60 patients were treated with dual therapy comprising ICS/LABA. Cost-effectiveness was assessed based on forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (FEV1% predicted), St George's respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) scores, SGRQ responder ratio, COPD assessment test (CAT) scores, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Results: Results signified the enhanced potency of three-drug treatment vs two-drug treatment as proven by the improvement in average difference from initial values in (1) FEV1% predicted value of 4.36 [95% confidence interval (CI) (2.9–5.82)], (2) SGRQ scores of −6.76 [95% CI (−2.14 to −11.38)], SGRQ responder ratio of 13.25 (3.72–47.24), CAT scores of −5.15 [95% CI (−9.87 to −0.43)] and ICER of 3522 [95% CI (14682 to −7638)]. Conclusion: Triple therapy comprising LABA, LAMA, and ICS can optimize lung function and improve clinical outcomes, leading to overall enhancement of well-being compared to LABA/ICS dual therapy in moderate to severe COPD patients. Clinical significance: Three-drug treatment comprising ICS/LABA/LAMA is an effective and cost-effective therapeutic approach for managing moderate and severe COPD compared to ICS/LABA dual therapy. This is evidenced by improvements in spirometry values (FEV1% predicted) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Basith_2024,

title = {Efficacy of Tru-cut biopsy of the cervical lymphnodes over FNAC for detecting MTB using CBNAAT histopathology and cultures},

author = {Mohammed Abdul Basith and M. Aleemuddin Naveed and Ashfaq Hasan and Fahad Abdullah Bin Breik and Syed Mahmood Ahmed and Shireen Adeeb Mujtaba Ali},

url = {https://journals.lww.com/jdyu/fulltext/2024/13030/efficacy_of_tru_cut_biopsy_of_the_cervical.11.aspx},

doi = {10.4103/jdrysruhs.jdrysruhs_32_24},

issn = {2950-5356},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-09-27},

urldate = {2024-07-01},

journal = {Journal of Dr. YSR University of Health Sciences},

volume = {13},

issue = {3},

pages = {247–252},

publisher = {Wolters Kluwer - Medknow},

abstract = {Introduction: The present study was carried out to see the usefulness of Tru-cut biopsy over fine needle aspiration (FNA) in diagnoses of tuberculosis (TB) cervical lymphadenopathy and comparing their yields by performing ZN staining, culture, cytology, histopathology, and CBNAAT.

Observation and Results: It was found that the yield of Tru cut was significantly more in ZN staining and histopathology. Even though the yield was more in culture and CBNAAT also, it was not statistically significant. FNA is a popular method which is very widely used, but it has a low yield. From the results, it was inferred that for FNA, the positive rate was 27.6%, 38.4%, 67.7%, and 43% for the four modalities of ZN staining, CBNAAT, cytology, and acid-fast bacilli cultures, respectively. Comparatively, for Tru-cut biopsy, the positive rate was 36.9%, 46.2%, 92.3%, and 47.7%, respectively, in all four modalities. It was noticed that the highest value was recorded for histopathology, followed by culture and CBNAAT for Tru-cut biopsy procedures. Comparatively, FNA showed the highest negative rate for ZN staining and CBNAAT.

Conclusion: The present study also highlights the importance of Tru-cut biopsy over FNA. It is one of the emerging techniques which if used properly could offer a better yield. Further results and conclusions are discussed in the paper.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sameera_2024,

title = {Study of correlation of morphometric and radiological parameters of hyoid bone In the population of Telangan},

author = {Syeda Sadia Sameera and Hajira Fatima and Zafar Sultana Abdul Saleem and Shaik Hussain Saheb},

url = {https://www.afjbs.com/uploads/paper/ab628f2e1eafc839b644aa846cf907a4.pdf},

doi = {10.48047/AFJBS.6.Si4.2024.6127-6133},

issn = {2663-2187},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-08-15},

urldate = {2024-08-15},

journal = {African Journal of Biological Sciences},

volume = {6},

issue = {Si4},

pages = {6127-6133},

abstract = {Background: The hyoid bone in humans is anatomically positioned in the anterior, upper aspect of the neck and is typically horseshoe-shaped. This bone plays a vital role in forensic studies as an indicator for diagnosing asphyxia deaths due to hanging and strangulation. Since modern facilities have improved the accuracy of measurement and study, present work correlates the morphometric features from the dry cadaveric specimens, as well as scanned images from living hyoid. This will generate useful data for medicolegal and anthropometric uses. This study conducted to corelate the morphometric and radiological parameters of adult hyoid bone in the population of Telangana. Material and Methods: We conducted this study with 40 dried specimens of hyoid bones. We have measured the parameters using vernier caliper and correlated in living using CT scan. In present study we have recorded the parameters like, Length of right greater cornu, Length of left greater cornu, Anteroposterior distance at the middle of body of hyoid bone, Length of Hyoid bone. Results: All the morphometric parameters of hyoid bone corelate with the radiological parameters. There is no significant difference between the dry bone and CT scan measurements in case of length of body of hyoid bone where as there is significant difference between the other three parameters. Conclusion: The findings of this study may be helpful for anthropometry and medicolegal importance and the surgeries in this reason. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Yeshwanth_2024,

title = {Mitochondrial potential and Nd1 gene expression analysis in platelets for quality assessment},

author = {Asapanna Naga Sai Venkata Yeshwanth and Sara Jabeen and Aleem Ahmed Khan and Nusrath Fathima},

url = {https://www.scholasticopenaccess.org/SCMS/SCMS-02-0043.pdf},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-07-16},

urldate = {2024-07-16},

journal = {Scholastic Medical Sciences},

volume = {2},

issue = {5},

pages = {1-4},

abstract = {Background: Platelets are the tiniest blood particles, and their shape shows how lively they are. They are largely concerned with hemostasis, or the process of starting blood coagulation. The diverceful activity of platelet and molecules released from platelet storage granules are both necessary for these various activities. Initiating homeostasis, an inflammatory response, and an immune response at the site of injury during the acute phase

of wound healing, as well as encouraging angiogenesis and tissue regeneration during the repair phase, is examples of how these platelet activities interact synergistically. Therefore mitochondria function/quality plays various important roles in several disease processes. Several studies have demonstrated mitochondria dysfunction in various chronic degenerative diseases (ex: cardiovascular diseases; Type 2 diabetes). Hence, there is need for quality assessment platelet mitochondrial DNA for platelet functions. Materials and Methods: Platelets were incubated with Rhodamine 123 exclusive dye to assess the membrane potential. The cytotoxicity of platelets were assed at different dilution point using MTT assay. The activity of platelet mitochondrial (mtDNA) was assessed using ND1 gene. Results: The aggregation of platelets with Rhodamine dye indicates the active state of platelets. The decline of platelets with high concentration MTT assay was observed. The activity of mtDNA in platelets the ND1 gene and internal control 12s gene were expressed at same indicating the active

presence of mtDNA in platelets. Conclusion: The Rhodamine 123 stain with platelet indicates that the presence of mitochondrial membrane potential. The ND1 gene expression indicates the quality of mitochondrial DNA in platelets.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Vuppala_2024,

title = {Clinico-demographic profile and outcome of acute pediatric hydrocarbon poisoning in South India},

author = {Anil Kumar Vuppala and Rama Krishna Nelakurthi and Shalini Akunuri and Ahlaam Arif and M. Aleemuddin Naveed},

url = {https://www.publichealthtoxicology.com/pdf-189940-111867?filename=Clinico_demographic.pdf},

doi = {10.18332/pht/189940},

issn = {2732-8929},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-28},

urldate = {2024-06-28},

journal = {Public Health Toxicology},

volume = {4},

issue = {2},

pages = {1-6},

abstract = {Introduction: Acute hydrocarbon poisoning in children is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. This study aimed to understand clinico-demographic profile and outcome of acute hydrocarbon poisoning in children belonging to low-middle economy families from South India. Methods:

A prospective observational study was conducted over 18 months from January 2022 to June 2023 in a private medical college from South India for children between 1 month and 18 years of age admitted with a history of acute hydrocarbon poisoning. Results: Out of 1568 admissions, 29 children had acute hydrocarbon poisoning. Median age was 2.6 years (range: 6 months-15year). The majority (58.6%) belonged to toddler age group. The male-to-female ratio was 1.6:1. Most (48.3%) cases were seen during summer. All poisonings were accidental and occurred via the ingestion route. Paint thinner (75.9%) and mosquito repellent (20.7%) were the most common agents implicated. Vomiting (69%), cough (24.1%), and respiratory distress (20.7%) were the predominant symptoms noted. Chest radiograph was abnormal in 10% of patients. Respiratory support was provided in 44% of patients. 70% of patients were discharged within 24 hours. There was no mortality. Conclusions: Acute hydrocarbon poisoning is a preventable cause of mortality and morbidity in children. The majority of cases occur in the toddler age group and are accidental. Most patients improve with simple conservative measures. Following unit protocols for the management avoids unnecessary investigations, and medications and promotes early discharge.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hazari_2024,

title = {Correlation of comorbidities and outcome in CAD patients: a novel TANGENTS score study},

author = {Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari and Kailas Laxman Rao and Bachi Tazneem and Sana Rafeeq and Syeda Rahmath Fatima and Summaya Jabeen and Kankan Kavya},

url = {https://mmsl.cz/corproof.php?tartkey=mms-000000-0435},

doi = {10.31482/mmsl.2024.009},

issn = {0372-7025},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-18},

urldate = {2024-06-18},

journal = {Military Medical Science Letters},

volume = {93},

issue = {3},

pages = {XX-XX},

publisher = {Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Czech Republic},

abstract = {Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are influenced by various established risk factors, including the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes and platelets, which has been shown to be an independent risk factor for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aims to create a new scoring system called TANGENTS that utilizes discrete parameters of risk factors and diagnostic parameters to analyze the outcome of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with comorbidities, particularly Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We included 151 subjects (mean age 57.92 ± 23.86) who presented with ST-elevation and ST-depression on admission and were treated with heparin, clopidogrel, aspirin, and atorvastatin while undergoing all the necessary diagnostic tests. We obtained ECG and complete blood picture (CBP) results on admission, day 3, and day of discharge.

Results: ST-depression on ECG on day-1 was 0.35 and decreased to 0.30 on the day of discharge. ST-elevation on ECG on day-1 was -0.89 and decreased to -0.16 on the day of discharge. The average neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NPR) was 0.49, which was high in 144 patients. The mean NLR value was 5.52, indicating a correlation between high NLR values and the magnitude of current injury on admission.

Conclusion: The TANGENTS scoring system can be used as an early evaluation tool for CAD patients with comorbidities to manage and prevent further complications. It allows for progressive differentiation in the severity of clinical outcomes using all the parameters of the score, and the parameters creating the TANGENTS score scale were found to be reliable.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Severe cigarette smoking caused prostate cancer and bony metastasis - a case study},

author = {Humera Ayesha and Syed Abbas Mujtaba},

url = {https://rjpn.org/ijcspub/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCSP24B1253},

issn = {2250-1770},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-31},

journal = {International Journal of Current Science},

volume = {14},

issue = {2},

pages = {223-226},

abstract = {Severe cigarette smoking is considered to be one of the largest addictions and has been a major health problem. Around 8 million people die due to smoking9. Estimated that 1 in 4 adult men in the world smoke tobacco which has carcinogenic agents like Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)3 causing gene mutations4 such as PTEN5, PREX2, AGO2 which weakens immune system, DNA damage finally resulting in cellular proliferation and developing cancer. Along the side of lung cancer in smokers we observed that prostate11 cancer is also being diagnosed in the worldwide population among men, early deaths occurred due to bony metastasis2 for not quitting smoking. The associated gene mutation between smoking and prostate cancer can be PTEN through AKT activation pathway. severe cigarette smoking also contributes to heart disease and various other cancers like throat and gastric etc.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {A comparative study of either sex on visual reaction time},

author = {Humera Ayesha and Shaikh Mahmood},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/indian-journal-of-applied-research-(IJAR)/article/a-comparative-study-of-either-sex-on-visiual-reaction-time/Mzk1NTA=/?is=1&b1=&k=},

issn = {2249-555X},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-31},

journal = {Indian Journal of Applied Research},

volume = {14},

issue = {5},

pages = {1-2},

abstract = {Human reaction time denotes time taken by an individual to react to an external stimulus. The response obtained while

measuring human reaction time is voluntary response obtained after training and is specific in nature. The purpose of this study was to find out whether the reaction time was faster for green light stimuli or red-light stimuli. And to compare the visual human reaction times in males and females. Reaction is a purposeful voluntary response to stimulus. The time interval between presentation of stimulus and getting a appropriate voluntary motor response is a reaction time1.it measures for alertness and processing speed of CNS which gets influenced with age, gender, physical activity and IQ of a subject. Different studies were conducted worldwide among different individuals have reported the prevalence of stress ranging from 27% to 73%. Different stress acts as an acute stressor which affects cognitive functions. It is found that the stress elicits elevated activity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and increased release of cortisol. The study was planned to investigate gender difference. Choice reaction time (CRT) was used to evaluate the cognitive performance of digital reaction time. Randomly occurring visual tasks was presented. The readings was analyzed},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Haqqani_2024,

title = {Novel stop‑gain TSC2 gene mutation in an Indian child of tuberous sclerosis complex},

author = {Ruhi Haqqani and Sidra Rana and Nayeem Sadath Haneef and Omar Farooq and Vadlamudi Raghavendra Rao},

url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11265763/pdf/IDOJ-15-657.pdf},

doi = {10.4103/idoj.idoj_469_23},

isbn = {2229-5178},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-20},

urldate = {2024-05-20},

journal = {Indian Dermatology Online Journal},

volume = {15},

number = {pmid39050051},

issue = {4},

pages = {657-659},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ayesha_2024,

title = {Emission of electromagnetic rays from mobile phones cause dysfunction of thyroid gland},

author = {Humera Ayesha and Shaikh Mahmood},

url = {https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=ES24515081512},

doi = {10.21275/es24515081512},

issn = {2319-7064},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-05},

urldate = {2024-05-05},

journal = {International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)},

volume = {13},

issue = {5},

pages = {1151-1153},

publisher = {International Journal of Science and Research},

abstract = {During the past decade, there is a dramatic increase in wireless communication system particularly the mobile phones (cell phones) which are low power single channel two ways radios that emit signals through electromagnetic waves. As most of the physiological functions in our body is regulated by electric currents and the electromagnetic fields (EMF) emitted from the mobile phones may affect the physiological processes and associated health effects like sleep disorders, headaches, etc. When we discuss about the endocrine system the most exposed vital endocrine glands when compared to pineal, pituitary, adrenal which can get affected by the electromagnetic fields is thyroid gland, an important endocrine glands that control our body metabolism which is located in front of the neck and release hormones into the bloodstream. It secretes thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and calcitonin. To synthesize thyroid hormones thyroid gland needs Iodine, too little or too much iodine can affect the level of hormones and its release. Role of thyroid hormones is to control metabolism, body temperature, breathing, heart rate, brain development, mental activity, digestion, fertility, etc. This study shows a higher TSH level (Hypothyroidism) with low T4 in mobile phone users. It may be concluded that there can be deleterious effects of mobile phones through electromagnetic rays on Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Thyroid axis (HPT).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Shaik_2024b,

title = {Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy of Childhood (ANEC) in a patient with dengue and leptospirosis},

author = {Reshma Sultana Shaik and Sandhya Manorenj and Sravan Kumar Marupaka},

url = {https://journals.lww.com/neur/fulltext/2024/72020/acute_necrotizing_encephalopathy_of_childhood.43.aspx},

doi = {10.4103/ni.ni_984_21},

issn = {0028-3886},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-30},

urldate = {2024-04-30},

journal = {Neurology India},

volume = {72},

number = {pmid38691496},

issue = {2},

pages = {433-434},

abstract = {None},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Shaik_2024c,

title = {Cervicomedullary compression in achondroplasia: a feared complication and an unforeseen risk factor of posterior circulation stroke},

author = {Reshma Sultana Shaik and Sandhya Manorenj and Sravan Kumar Marupaka},

url = {https://journals.lww.com/neur/fulltext/2024/72020/cervicomedullary_compression_in_achondroplasia__a.31.aspx},

doi = {10.4103/ni.ni_537_21},

issn = {0028-3886},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-30},

urldate = {2024-04-30},

journal = {Neurology India},

volume = {72},

number = {pmid38691484},

issue = {2},

pages = {399-402},

abstract = {Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant disorder with defect in the ossification of the cartilage of long bones. Many bony abnormalities constitute its clinical features, with craniovertebral junction (CVJ) anomalies being one of most common issues which need to be addressed at the earliest. CVJ anomalies in individuals may cause neurovascular compression, which may warrant an early surgery to prevent catastrophic complications. Posterior circulation strokes secondary to CVJ anomalies are well known. We hereby present an unusual case of posterior circulation stroke in an achondroplastic dwarf who presented to our tertiary care centre. Prospective case study. The present case adds to the existing literature about one of the preventable causes of fatal posterior circulation strokes in the young. A high index of suspicion for neurovascular compression at the foramen magnum and early initiation of treatment in achondroplastic young individuals may have gratifying results.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Khoraishi_2024,

title = {Case report of Gradenigo syndrome},

author = {Faezah Khoraishi and Sakeena Hussain and Summaya Fatima and Imtiaz Ahmed Khan and Syeda Ayesha},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/fileview/case-report-of-gradenigo-syndrome_April_2024_5682851671_2013202.pdf},

doi = {10.36106/ijsr},

issn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-30},

urldate = {2024-04-30},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {13},

issue = {4},

pages = {13-14},

abstract = {Background: Back in 1900's, Gradenigo reported a series of patients with suppurative otitis media presenting with headache, unilateral eye pain and restricted lateral gaze of ipsilateeral side. Chronic ear infections spreading to temporal bone extends to the petrous apex which is the hub for 5th and 6th cranial nerves. We present one such case of a 19 year old male with history of chronic otiti Case: s media who presented with acute onset of retro-orbital pain, headache and diplopia. patient with chronic ear discharge who present with crani Conclusion: al nerve involvement, one must suspect intracranial extension. Management with appropriate antibiotics can change the course of the condition. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Manorenj_2024c,

title = {A neurologist’s perspective of approach to falls in the elderly},

author = {Sandhya Manorenj and Reshma Sultana Shaik},

url = {https://journals.lww.com/aomd/fulltext/2024/07010/a_neurologist_s_perspective_of_approach_to_falls.2.aspx},

doi = {10.4103/aomd.aomd_56_22},

issn = {2590-3446},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-29},

urldate = {2024-04-29},

journal = {Annals of Movement Disorders},

volume = {7},

issue = {1},

pages = {3-12},

abstract = {Falls constitute an important public health problem that impact the quality of life of an individual. Falls contribute to disability, especially among older adults and elderly individuals. Recurrent fallers are those who fall one or more times per year. The purpose of this article is to provide a detailed systemic qualitative review of the recent definition of falls, their mechanism, risk factors, classification; falls in neurodegenerative disorders; and their approach and management. Sources of literature were drawn from peer-reviewed original and systematic review articles published until January 2024 in the PubMed database using the following key words: falls, elderly, definition, management, etiology, neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy and fall, dementia and fall, and prevention and diagnostic tests for postural instability and falls. This review summarizes the current understanding of falls and provides a pragmatic and clinically focused approach to their management. Falls are usually multifactorial. Neurodegenerative disorders such as cognitive decline and parkinsonism lead to increased risk of falling. There are several tools to assess the risk of early falls. A multidisciplinary approach is needed in the management of falls. The main goal is encouraging physical activity, home hazard modification, management of postural hypotension, and underlying neurodegenerative diseases.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Zoheb_2024,

title = {High blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes with prior history of atrial fibrilation caused stroke},

author = {Mohammed Zoheb and Deeba Rana and Shaikh Mahmood},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/article/high-blood-pressure-hyperlipidemia-type2-diabetes-with-prior-history-of-arterial-fibrilation-caused-stroke/NTUzMDY=/?is=1&b1=&k=},

issn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {13},

issue = {4},

pages = {1-2},

abstract = {The stroke cases are on rise, to know its causes, symptoms & treatment patients have to be studied in detail and get the appropriate result. Stroke is a serious medical condition that can sometimes be deadly. Stroke cases are emerging at a startling rate at the moment. People with specific medical problems are more susceptible to stroke, even though it may affect anybody. A stroke or brain stroke can be fatal and result from inadequate blood supply to a portion of the brain, according to the Cleveland Clinic. The most common causes of this are cerebral hemorrhage or arterial obstruction. If insufficient blood flow occurs, oxygen-starved brain cells begin to die. A stroke may happen to anybody, at any age, although certain people are more susceptible than others. Furthermore, beyond the age of 65, the danger rises. Strokes occur commonly in either sex. Strokes are the second largest cause of mortality worldwide. Not only that, but stroke is a leading global cause of disability. The following are a few examples of stroke symptoms paralysis on one sides peaking difficulties or loss of speech distorted or double vision (diplopia) inability to coordinate light headedness

and vomiting stiff neck personality shift agitation or confusion seizure loss of memory headache loss of consciousness the blood clotting disorder atherosclerosis Heart abnormality (ventricular or atrial septal defect) microvascular ischemia elevated blood pressure tumors of the brain (including cancer)Heart abnormality (ventricular or atrial septal defect) microvascular ischemia elevated blood pressure tumors of the brain (including cancer) etc.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hyder_2024,

title = {Effect of smartphone usage during night time on sleep patterns of young adults: A cross-sectional observational study},

author = {Safa Hyder and Sudhir Shankar Mane and Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari and Mehnaaz Sameera Arifuddin},

url = {https://jcdr.net/article_fulltext.asp?issn=0973-709x&year=2024&month=April&volume=18&issue=4&page=CC01&id=19291},

doi = {10.7860/jcdr/2024/66874.19291},

issn = {0973-709X},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-04-01},

urldate = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research},

volume = {18},

issue = {4},

pages = {CC01-CC06},

publisher = {JCDR Research and Publications},

abstract = {Introduction: Excessive smartphone usage among adolescents and young adults has been consistently linked to poor sleep. Moreover, smartphone overuse has been associated with daytime tiredness, longer sleeps latency, and reduced sleep duration. The significance of addressing poor sleep among adolescents and young adults is underscored by recent research linking it to adverse physical and psychological health outcomes, such as mood disturbances, impaired cognitive function, and increased risk incidence of hypertension and diabetes.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of smartphone usage on sleep quality among individuals using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and hypnogram data.

Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, sleep patterns were assessed using the PSQI questionnaire and Prime Nap sleep tracker app (version 1.1.4). The study was conducted by Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The data was collected in the form of a hypnogram and the study was conducted in the participants’ homes (under domicile conditions) in the city of Hyderabad, Telangana, India from March 2020 to April 2020. A total of 60 participants (both male and female) in the age group of 15-25 years were recruited and divided into two groups: one comprising 30 individuals with regular prolonged exposure to smartphone screens at night, and the other consisting of 30 individuals who experienced minimal or no smartphone exposure once they prepared to sleep. Descriptive statistics were applied to the collected data using Microsoft Excel and IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows version 25.0.

Results: Adding up the average scores of the seven factors gives a global PSQI score from 0 to 21, with 0-4 indicating good sleep and 5-21 indicating poor sleep. Among those who used smartphones regularly at night time, 20 participants (66.67%) had PSQI score >5 and poor sleep quality, 24 participants (80%) had prolonged sleep latency, 18 participants (60%) had poor sleep duration, 27 participants (90%) had sleep disturbances, and 22 participants (73.33%) had increased daytime dysfunction. Hypnogram abnormalities were seen in >15 participants (50%) of subjects.

Conclusion: The prevalence of smartphone addiction is widely acknowledged in the medical literature, highlighting the need for its assessment, especially among adolescents and young adults. The study reveals that poor sleeping habits among participants were attributable either to a lack of awareness or neglect. By recognising the importance of adequate sleep, improvement in the quality of daily activities can be made by reducing daily screen time, consequently alleviating both physical and mental stress. Furthermore, the findings have implications for individuals whose work involves prolonged exposure to computer screens, especially during night time.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fatima_2024,

title = {To explore the effectiveness of problem-based learning over conventional didactic lecture in microbiology for phase 2 MBBS students},

author = {Sarwat Fatima and Mohammed Sarosh Ahmed and Madhipati Sai Krishna and Maimoona Mustafa and Shahbaz Sajjad},

url = {https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jrme/papers/Vol-14%20Issue-1/Ser-2/D1401022630.pdf},

doi = {10.9790/7388-1401022630},

issn = {2320–737X},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-02-20},

urldate = {2024-02-20},

journal = {IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education},

volume = {14},

issue = {1 (Series 2)},

pages = {26-30},

abstract = {Background:Problem based learning [PBL] has been identified and approved by many medical educationists

as one of the best teaching learning methods due to the fact that it improves students’ learning in all 3 domains and improves higher order thinking. Research has found its positive effect to be variable in different geographic settings. Aim & objectives: To explore the effectiveness of PBL over conventional lecture. To evaluate students’ performance using PBL rubrics. To determine student’s acceptance and perceptions of PBL.

Material& methods: the present study is a prospective experimental and interventional type. The IERB approval was obtained and project was pilot tested. Study participants were enrolled by verbal consent and sampled using quota and randomisation method. The sequential steps of the study include: orientation on PBL method, pre-test, a questionnaire on preparedness for self-directed learning [SDL], conduct of sessions by 2 different TL methods with exchange of groups, post-test, students grading and lastly general feedback. Statistical methods: Mean ± SD, unpaired t test and 5-point Likert scale was used for analysis of results. Results: Around 114 /147 [77.55%] enrolled and continued till the end. The overall mean scores for DL & PBL method of teaching were as 1.65 ± 0.53 & 1.70 ± 0.62 in pre-test and 6.84 ± 1.22 and 7.36 ± 1.07 in post-test with p values as 0.178 & 0.118. For individual topics in post-test the PBL group secured higher scores than DL except for one. The assessment and feedback on PBL gave variable results. Discussion &Conclusion: the present study couldn’t find any statistically significant difference in the learning outcomes while using 2 different TL methods. However, the questionnaire on SDL preparedness, assessment and feedback data revealed certain grey zones which demand further enquiry into students learning plans & preferences which could be one of the reasons for the outcome observed and open doors for future qualitative research. Limitations: students and faculty related factors besides study design might have influenced the outcomes observed. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Tahseen_2024,

title = {Compare the anti-hypertensive efficacy of oral labetalol and oral nifedipine in mild preecclampsia},

author = {Surayya Tahseen and Juveriya and Hafsa Younus and Amtul Aziz Safiya and Sofia Sumain and Asma Hafeez},

url = {https://www.ijmedph.org/Uploads/Volume14Issue1/65.%20[182._IJMEDPH_Jafar]%20356-364.pdf},

doi = {10.5530/ijmedph.2024.1.65},

issn = {2230–8598},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-02-20},

urldate = {2024-02-20},

journal = {International Journal of Medicine and Public Health},

volume = {14},

issue = {1},

pages = {356-364},

abstract = {Background: Aim: This study is to compare the anti-hypertensive efficacy of Tablet Labetalol and Tablet. Nifedipine in mild preeclampsia. Material and Methods: The study was conducted at the Deccan College of

Medical Sciences (Owaisi Hospital and Research Centre and Princess Esra Hospital) both the hospitals attached from January 2021 to June 2022. 100 antenatal women with mild preeclampsia were selected. Informed consent

taken. 50 women were given Tablet Labetalol. 50 women were treated with Tablet Nifedipine. Results: This study was conducted on a total of 100 antenatal mild preeclamptic women to compare the anti-hypertensive efficacy of T. Labetalol and T. Nifedipine. The maternal and fetal outcomes were also studied. Patients were divided into two groups 50 each. Group A Received T. Labetalol and group B received T. Nifedipine. Blood pressure and feto maternal status were serially monitored. Termination was done at 37 completed weeks gestation or when the

patient progressed to severe preeclampsia. The average dose required for T. Labetalol was 300 mg and 30 mg for T. Nifedipine. In both the groups, all 50 patients had adequate control of blood pressure. Inspite of adequate control the disease progressed in both groups. In group A (T. Labetalol) 14% progressed to

severe pre-eclampsia. In group B (T. Nifedipine) 20% progressed to severe pre-eclampsia. Among the babies delivered, in group A 86% were term babies and 8% required SNN admission. In group B 80% were term babies and 10% required SNN admission. Comparing the two groups, group B had significantly higher number of side effects when compared to group A. None of the patients developed grave complications such as HELLP syndrome, pulmonary edema, coagulopathy, postpartum collapse, eclampsia. The maternal mortality was nil.

Thus when patients with preeclampsia are identified and treated atan earlier stage the morbidity and mortality associated with preeclampsia can be significantly reduced. Conclusion: From this study it is prudent that both T. Labetalol and T. Nifedipine are equally efficacious in the control of hypertension in mild preeclampsia.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Manorenj_2024b,

title = {Ictal nystagmus in a patient with nonketotic hyperglycemia: a rare clinical phenomenon of occipital epilepsy},

author = {Sandhya Manorenj and Deepika Venniveli and Mounika E. Reddy and Srujana Billa},

url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10941902/pdf/AIAN-27-77.pdf},

doi = {10.4103/aian.aian_800_23},

issn = {0972-2327},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-02-06},

urldate = {2024-02-06},

journal = {Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology},

volume = {27},

number = {pmid38495234},

issue = {1},

pages = {77-79},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ali_2024,

title = {Knowledge of stroke and the window period for thrombolytic therapy in ischemic stroke among South Indians: a hospital-based survey with educational intervention},

author = {Reem Jaffer Ali and Sandhya Manorenj and Ruqya Zafar},

url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10927053/?report=printable},

doi = {10.25259/JNRP_312_2023},

issn = {0976-3147},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-02-05},

urldate = {2024-02-05},

journal = {Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice},

volume = {15},

number = {pmid38476435},

issue = {1},

pages = {111-116},

abstract = {Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the awareness of stroke in regards to the risk factors, warning symptoms, and knowledge of the therapeutic window period among varied strata of non-medical people attending a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods: The interventional study involved the collection of data regarding awareness of stroke using a structured questionnaire with a total score of 16. Pre-intervention assessment was followed by intervention in the form of education regarding awareness of stroke administered one-on-one for personalized and effective comprehension by subjects. Then, subjects were asked to recall the information that was delivered to them and were scored accordingly.

Results: Among the 500 subjects included, 51% were female. About 76.8% of participants were young (age <50 years), and 83.4% were literate. Only 25.4% of participants were aware of the brain as the site of stroke. About 32.2% of candidates were aware of a few risk factors for stroke. Among them, the majority of participants were aware of hypertension (24%) as a risk factor. The most known warning symptom was “Numbness” or weakness of arm. The majority of the subjects (97.8%) were unaware of a therapeutic window period for stroke being 4.5 h or below. The mean pre-intervention score was 2.52 ± 1.65 while the mean post-intervention score was 15.10 ± 1.79 (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion: The study showed that even among literate participants, only a meager number of subjects were aware of the golden window period of intravenous thrombolysis. Educational intervention by means of an in-person and one-on-one explanation achieved significant levels of understanding of stroke. The study could be used to formulate large-scale educational programs that focus on spreading awareness of symptoms and risk factors while also instilling the importance of timely medical intervention for efficient thrombolytic therapy.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Murthy_2024,

title = {To study down staging locally advanced breast carcinoma: The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy},

author = {T. S. R. Murthy and Mohammed Arshad Ali Khan and M. R. Madhu Mohan Reddy},

url = {https://www.jcdronline.org/admin/Uploads/Files/65b639291f0728.16145573.pdf},

doi = {10.48047/jcdr.2024.15.01.217},

issn = {0975-3583},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-31},

journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research},

volume = {15},

issue = {1},

pages = {1944-1951},

abstract = {Introduction: Although rare, locally progressed breast cancer is a major obstacle for clinicians. This study was conducted because there is a direct correlation between the pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and disease free survival. This study was out to evaluate the histological impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on breast cancer patients with locally advanced disease. Material and Methods: This study was observational based study. The research was carried out at the Department of General Surgery, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The study was done from September 2022 to July 2023. A total of twenty-five people were used as subjects in this research. Modified radical mastectomy was performed after clinical evaluation of tumour response and patient follow-up. Pathological reaction was assessed and notes were made on the specimen. Result: People in their 50s and 60s made up the bulk of the population. The majority of the 30 patients with locally advanced cancer (73%), ranging from stage IIIA to stage IIIB, were men.Nearly half of the patients tested positive for oestrogen receptors but negative for HER2, and a quarter of those individuals tested positive for all three.Everyone who tested positive for HER 2 was also considered to be a triple negative. Both the ER and PR positive tumour percentages were 67%.Forty percent of tumours tested positive for HER2. Possible explanations for the low response rate and high rate of ER positive include the fact that 83% of patients did not react to NACT and only 17% demonstrated a pathological response. Conclusion: Better prognosis may be possible if we could determine which tumours would respond best to which treatments. Recent developments in cancer biology and genetic profiling have the potential to revolutionise the clinical management of LABC by allowing for a more targeted and personalised approach.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Reddy_2024,

title = {Evaluation of the pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer},

author = {M. R. Madhu Mohan Reddy and Yasaswi Ponnapalli and Md. Samiuddin},

url = {https://www.jcdronline.org/admin/Uploads/Files/65b639bdbf1688.07599035.pdf},

doi = {10.48047/jcdr.2024.15.01.218},

issn = {0975-3583},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-31},

journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research},

volume = {15},

issue = {1},

pages = {1952-1958},

abstract = {Background and objective: To assess how patients with locally advanced breast cancer respond pathologically to neoadjuvant therapy. It is uncommon to have locally advanced breast cancer (LABC), and it poses significant clinical challenges. The purpose of the study was to look into the relationship between disease-free survival and the pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Method: An observational study was conducted at Department of General Surgery, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India from December 2022 to November 2023. on a sample of 40 persons to assess the pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. The study received ethical approval from the committee. Result: Between the ages of 50 and 60, 33% of the population fell. About half of the patients exhibited negative human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), positive progesterone receptor (PR), and positive oestrogen receptor (ER). Sixty-seven percent of tumours tested positive for both the progesterone receptor (PR) and the oestrogen receptor (ER). Forty percent of the tumours had HER2 positive results. Merely 17% of the patient cohort exhibited a pathological reaction to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). 83% of the total did not respond.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Samiuddin_2024,

title = {An investigation of the antibiotic sensitivity of peritoneal fluid cultures in cases of perforative peritonitis},

author = {Md. Samiuddin and M. R. Madhu Mohan Reddy and Mallika Anjum},

url = {https://www.jcdronline.org/admin/Uploads/Files/65b63b946af163.82910711.pdf},

doi = {10.48047/jcdr.2024.15.01.222},

issn = {0975-3583},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-31},

journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research},

volume = {15},

issue = {1},

pages = {1982-1989},

abstract = {Introduction: Peritonitis is a prevalent issue encountered by General surgeons. Significant advancements in the treatment of peritonitis have occurred in recent decades, primarily through the utilisation of antibiotics and surgical interventions. The objectives of the study were to ascertain the antibiotic sensitivity and resistance pattern for routinely utilised antibiotics against the cultured microbes. Material and Methods: This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design. The research was carried out at the Department of General Surgery, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The study was done from October 2022 to September 2023. This study utilised a sample of 40 persons as subjects. Result: A common complication of perforation of the hollow viscus is secondary peritonitis. Because patients sometimes do not arrive at the hospital until much later, the fatality rate is significant. The age groups of 31–40 years old and 20–30 years old accounted for the bulk of the perforation cases in our study. The average age at which symptoms first appear is 35.26 years. Based on our findings, the second half of the duodenum accounts for 52% of perforations, whereas the stomach accounts for 42%. Among the organisms developed, Klebsiella accounted for 46% of the cases, E. coli for 34%, and just 2% displayed a combination of the two. Our study focused on analysing the sensitivity patterns of organisms that were cultivated. Ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and amikacin were the most commonly found organisms that demonstrated sensitivity. Conclusion: The study found that the most common site of perforation is the duodenum, followed by the stomach. Peptic ulcer illness was the most common cause. The most common bacteria responsible for secondary peritonitis in these patients were Klebsiella and Escherichia coli, with mixed, proteus, and pseudomonas infections occurring very rarely. Cephalosporins, quinolones, and macrolides were the most effective antibiotics against Klebsiella and Escherichia coli, in that order of sensitivity.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Khan_2024,

title = {Pyogenic granuloma mistaken as papilloma},

author = {Imtiaz Ahmed Khan and Mohammed Naseeruddin Mujahid and Mohammed Adnan Rahmani and Juwairiya Sadaf and Romana Khatoon},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/fileview/pyogenic-granuloma-mistaken-as-papilloma_January_2024_1174007484_3711536.pdf},

doi = {10.36106/ijsr},

isbn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-31},

urldate = {2024-01-31},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {13},

issue = {1},

pages = {23},

abstract = {NA},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}