@article{Bushra_2024,

title = {Molecular basis of sepsis: A new insight into the role of mitochondrial DNA as a damage-associated molecular pattern},

author = {Bushra and Shaik Iqbal Ahmed and Safia Begum and Maaria and Mohammed Safwaan Habeeb and Tahmeen Jameel and Aleem Ahmed Khan},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1567724924001259?via%3Dihub},

doi = {10.1016/j.mito.2024.101967},

issn = {1567-7249},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-11-01},

urldate = {2024-11-01},

journal = {Mitochondrion},

volume = {79},

issue = {suppl},

pages = {101967},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Sepsis remains a critical challenge in the field of medicine, claiming countless lives each year. Despite significant advances in medical science, the molecular mechanisms underlying sepsis pathogenesis remain elusive. Understanding molecular sequelae is gaining deeper insights into the roles played by various damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in disease pathogenesis. Among the known DAMPs, circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) garners increasing attention as a key player in the immune response during sepsis and other diseases. Mounting evidence highlights numerous connections between circulating cell-free mtDNA and inflammation, a pivotal state of sepsis, characterized by heightened inflammatory activity. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the molecular basis of sepsis, particularly emphasizing the role of circulating cell-free mtDNA as a DAMP. We discuss the mechanisms of mtDNA release, its interaction with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), and the subsequent immunological responses that contribute to sepsis progression. Furthermore, we discuss the forms of cell-free mtDNA; detection techniques of circulating cell-free mtDNA in various biological fluids; and the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications offering insights into the potential for innovative interventions in sepsis management.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Khan_2023d,

title = {Assessment of soluble thrombomodulin and soluble endoglin as endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in seriously ill surgical septic patients: correlation with organ dysfunction and disease severity},

author = {Mohammed Affan Osman Khan and Tarun Kumar Suvvari and Syed Asif Shah Harooni and Aleem Ahmed Khan and Syyeda Anees and Bushra},

url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00068-023-02369-8},

doi = {10.1007/s00068-023-02369-8},

issn = {1863-9933},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-23},

urldate = {2023-09-01},

journal = {European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {Background: Sepsis, a complex condition characterized by dysregulated immune response and organ dysfunction, is a leading cause of mortality in ICU patients. Current diagnostic and prognostic approaches primarily rely on non-specific biomarkers and illness severity scores, despite early endothelial activation being a key feature of sepsis. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of soluble thrombomodulin and soluble endoglin in seriously ill surgical septic patients and explore their association with organ dysfunction and disease severity.

Methodology: A case control study was conducted from March 2022 to November 2022, involving seriously ill septic surgical patients. Baseline clinical and laboratory data were collected within 24 h of admission to the Surgical Intensive Care Unit. This included information such as age, sex, hemodynamic parameters, blood chemistry, SOFA score, qSOFA score, and APACHE-II score. A proforma was filled out to record these details. The outcome of each patient was noted at the time of discharge.

Results: The study found significantly elevated levels of soluble thrombomodulin and soluble endoglin in seriously ill surgical septic patients. The RTqPCR analysis revealed a positive correlation between soluble thrombomodulin and soluble endoglin levels with the qSOFA score, as well as, there was a positive association between RTqPCR soluble thrombomodulin and the SOFA score. These findings indicate a correlation between these biomarkers and organ dysfunction and disease severity.

Conclusion: The study concludes that elevated levels of soluble thrombomodulin and soluble endoglin can serve as endothelial biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostication in seriously ill surgical septic patients.},

key = {pmid37741913},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kausar_2023,

title = {Blended learning as an interactive teaching learning method for medical undergraduates},

author = {Ruksana Kausar and Tahmeen Jameel and Raisa Faheem and Syed Wasif Hussain and Syyeda Anees},

url = {https://www.academicmed.org/Uploads/Volume5Issue3/69.%20[615.%20JAMP_MEDP]%20314-318.pdf},

doi = {10.47009/jamp.2023.5.3.69},

issn = {2687-5365},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-04-03},

urldate = {2023-04-03},

journal = {International Journal of Academic Medicine and Pharmacy},

volume = {5},

issue = {3},

pages = {314-318},

abstract = {Background: Blended learning is the combination of online and face-to-face learning experience. In the recent years it has grown rapidly to be commonly used in education. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of this learning approach has not been completely quantitatively synthesized and evaluated in health education. Through this study we aimed to identify its strengths, weaknesses, from both student’ and lecturers’ viewpoint so that this innovative teaching and learning methods can help improve the students skills in critical thinking and academic achievement in medical education. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of blended learning compared to face-to-face learning. The objectives were to evaluate the perceptions of students on

blended learning, to evaluate the perceptions of faculty on blended learning and to evaluate the interdependencies of face to face and online learning in the blended learning course. Methods: The study design and sampling method was prospective interventional study, cluster sampling. The study included 150

students of phase 1 MBBS of 2021-2022 batch and faculty of biochemistry. The students were sensitized to the blended learning module-acid base balance. Consent of the students was taken and importance of research in

medical education was explained. The questionnaire used was adapted from the questionnaire in Sagarra and Zapata’s (2008) study. The questionnaire has two parts; one for the students and the other for the faculty. The one for the students has two sections; the first section contains 16 questions which students answered on a 5 point Likert scale. The second section includes one short answer question. The second part has 6 questions for the faculty which were also answered on a 5 point Likert scale. Results: This evaluation showed that blended learning model helped students improve the critical thinking and retaining power because traditional time/place barriers were removed. However, new barriers related to technology by both students and teachers

were noted. Conclusions: This study demonstrated different factors that affected the intention to use blended learning in undergraduate medical students and it has also highlighted that the blended way of study was more

helpful rather than purely face to face or online learning. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sadiq_2023,

title = {A medical student’s insight into set induction: a cross sectional study},

author = {Neeraj Sadiq and Syyeda Anees and Ghulam Subhani and Mohammed Mohsin and Madhipati Sai Krishna},

url = {http://ajms.alameenmedical.org/ArticlePDFs/8%20AJMS%20V16.N2.2023%20p%20140-145.pdf},

issn = {0974-1143},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-04-01},

urldate = {2023-04-01},

journal = {Al Ameen Journal of Medical Sciences},

volume = {16},

issue = {2},

pages = {140-145},

abstract = {Background: Set induction are preliminary measures taken by the teacher to start effectual classroom instruction and training. Objectives: The aim of the study is to familiarize the mode of set induction to MBBS students. To know the perceptions of MBBS students batch wise towards set induction as an introductory step

in teaching/learning method. Methods: A Cross sectional study with cluster sampling was done on of second, third and fourth year MBBS students of Deccan College of Medical Sciences. After taking informed consent orally they were introduced to different types of set induction namely case -based scenarios, narratives and

audio visual aids, then a questionnaire was given and results were noted and analyzed statistically in R-language software. Results: Among the 312 students that participated, 208 students (66%) answered all questions. Set induction impacts the students immensely and has significant role to play for all the batches 2020(2st year), 2019(3rdYear), 2020(4thyear). There is a statistically significant difference between batches regarding their perceptions towards set induction and was found to be engrossing and applicable. Conclusion: Set induction must be deliberately designed to facilitate its incorporation for smooth teaching learning process. Case based scenario introduction is the most preferred by students, closely followed by narration based and lastly by audio-visual based introduction.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Nazki_2022,

title = {Serum levels of vitamin D and lipid profile in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a comparative study},

author = {Faizan I Asrar Nazki and Syyeda Anees and Haamid Bashir and Sara Mohammed and Mohsin Wazir},

url = {https://ejmcm.com/uploads/paper/c7717b740dc1dad8a86f313e358265f6.pdf},

issn = {2515-8260},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-12-01},

urldate = {2022-12-01},

journal = {European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine},

volume = {9},

issue = {1},

pages = {686-694},

abstract = {Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most frequent endocrine illnesses in women of reproductive age. It affects around 5-10% of the world's population. Irregular menstrual cycles, prolonged anovulation and hyperandrogenism are all symptoms of the disease. Hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, gestational diabetes, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease may develop over time. Aim:To compare the lipid profile and vitamin D levels in women with and without PCOS in relation to obesity and to determine the Luteinizing hormone[LH], FollicleStimulating Hormone[FSH], prolactin[prl] levels in women with PCOS in relation to obesity.Method: A total of 152 subjects were taken for the study.76 PCOS patients were identified ultrasonographically and clinically from November 2015 to July 2017, and 76 normal menstruatingwomen served as controls in the study conducted at Deccan Medical College and Princess EsraHospital, Hyderabad. All the subjects were categorized as obese or lean based on their BMI.Results: In comparison to obese participants without PCOS, PCOS obese subjects had higher TG and TC levels and lower HDL levels, according to the study. When compared to lean subjects without PCOS, PCOS lean subjects had higher TG, TC, and LDL values. The HDL levels of PCOS lean patients were observed to be lower than those of lean subjects without PCOS. Vitamin D levels were also shown to be considerably lower in PCOS patients (both obese and non-obese) than in healthy controls.Conclusion: Supplementary retrospective data-based revisions and randomized meticulous tests with recurrent Vitamin D estimations are required to determine whether Vitamin D deficiency is a co-determinant of hormonal and metabolic irregularities in PCOS, a byproduct of hormonal and metabolic un-evenness in PCOS, or both.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sadaf_2022,

title = {Role of biochemical markers in rheumatoid arthritis},

author = {Samreen Sadaf and Ruksana Kausar and Syyeda Anees and Shaikh Mahmood},

url = {https://www.ijcbr.in/html-article/16072},

issn = {2394-6369},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-03-11},

journal = {International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research},

volume = {9},

issue = {1},

pages = {86-89},

abstract = {Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common chronic, progressive systemic inflammatory arthritis of unknown cause. It affects approximately 1-2% of the population worldwide. It is a form of autoimmune disease principally synovial tissues. As the pathophysiology involves affecting cell mediated immune response, adenosine deaminase may have a role in rheumatoid arthritis. As it involves bones and joints, it is likely that it alters the levels of Serum Calcium, Phosphorus and Magnesium as well as Alkaline Phosphatase which may be helpful in diagnosis or management of the disease.

Aims & Objectives: 1. To evaluate the role of serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) as a marker of cell mediated immunity in Rheumatoid Arthritis. 2. To estimate serum alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium as prognostic markers of Rheumatoid arthritis

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, case control study with convenient sampling was undertaken after Institutional Ethical Clearance & informed consent. 30 patients of Rheumatoid Arthritis presenting to the orthopaedic outpatient department of Owaisi Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad were taken as cases along with an equal number of age and sex matched controls from January 2021 to June 2021.

ADA levels were estimated by colorimetric assay on ErbaChem 7 semiautoanalyser. Serum Alkaline phosphatase, Calcium, Phosphorus and Magnesium were estimated on Cobas C311 autoanalyzer.

Results: There was a significant increase in levels of Adenosine Deaminase, Alkaline Phosphatase and Serum Phosphorus, while the levels of Calcium and Magnesium were significantly reduced in rheumatoid arthritis

Conclusion: ADA as a marker of cell mediated immunity reflects monocyte / macrophage activity and was increased in our study suggesting immunological and inflammatory process in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis (R.A). It can be used as a non invasive marker of chronic inflammation and may provide additional information about disease prognosis.

Increased levels of Alkaline Phosphatase and Phosphorus associated with low Calcium and Magnesium suggest increased bone resorption in R. A and are useful as markers of disease activity.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fathima_2022,

title = {Autoimmune thyroid patients with CTLA-4 (+49A/G) GG/AG genotypes have high seropositivity to thyroid peroxidase than thyroglobulin},

author = {Nusrath Fathima and Qursheed Sultana and Syyeda Anees and Kaleem Ullah and Vitaly Ryu and Aleem Ahmed Khan and Mohammed Ishaq},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2214540022000019?via%3Dihub},

doi = {10.1016/j.mgene.2022.101010},

issn = {2773-0441},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-02-01},

urldate = {2022-02-01},

journal = {Meta Gene},

volume = {31},

issue = {suppl C},

pages = {101010},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Despite increasing burden of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) in India, there is paucity of data for the genetic susceptibility in Indian population which represents an important aspect to uncover the genetic factors for the cause or progression of different forms of AITD. It is known that production of auto-antibodies to thyroglobulin (TG) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is a characteristic feature of AITD. Production of high titres of auto-antibodies against TG and TPO is one the hallmarks of AITD that often precedes the development of clinical disease. The gene coding for cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is considered an important candidate gene for susceptibility to AITD and also determines seropositivity. Earlier studies have demonstrated that polymorphic variants in CTLA-4 gene are linked to determine seropositivity. Hence, this study investigates a relationship between CTLA-4 (+49A/G) genotypes and seropositivity to anti-TPO and anti-TG antibodies in AITD patients. A total of 85 Indian participants were included and genotyped for CTLA-4 (+49A/G) single nucleotide polymorphism and further analyzed for seropositivity of TPO and TG auto-antibodies in mean age group of 35.76 ± 12.42 years of both the genders. The TPO seropositivity was reported higher in G allele containing genotypes GG and AG (66.66% and 58%, respectively) compared to AA (44.8%) genotype. Whereas, TG auto-antibodies showed highest seropositivity for genotype AA (55.17%) compared to AG (36%) and GG (16.6%). Higher median titre values were observed for TPO antibodies with GG genotype (1587.461 U/mL). In contrast to this, higher titres of auto-antibodies to TG were observed for individuals with AA genotype (520.746 U/mL). In conclusion, this study demonstrates a relationship between CTLA4 (+49A/G) genotype and seropositivity to thyroid auto antigens TPO and TG in Indian patients with clinical manifestation of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease, two different forms of AITD.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Anees_2021,

title = {OSPE in Biochemistry - A step towards implementation of competency based undergraduate curriculum},

author = {Syyeda Anees and Sheetal Harakuni and Ruksana Kausar},

url = {https://www.ijcbr.in/article-details/14938},

doi = {10.18231/j.ijcbr.2021.049},

issn = {2394-6369},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-01},

urldate = {2021-10-01},

journal = {International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research},

volume = {8},

issue = {3},

pages = {234-236},

publisher = {IP Innovative Publication Pvt Ltd},

abstract = {Background:  Competency based undergraduate curriculum stresses on objectivity, uniformity, validity and reliability of the assessment tools since assessment drives learning. Conventional Practical Examination (CPE) in Biochemistry is subjective and associated with examiner variability and raises concerns over its validity and reliability. Objective Structured Practical Examination(OSPE) addresses this problem as it includes objective testing through direct observation, assessment of knowledge, comprehension and skills.In this study the performance of 1 MBBS students in CPE & OSPE was compared & perception of students and faculty towards OSPE as Formative Assessment was evaluated.

Materials and Methods:   Study included total of 150 Phase 1 MBBS students of 2019-20 batch & faculty of Biochemistry were included. CPE and OSPE was conducted on topic “Estimation of Blood Glucose” and marks were awarded.OSPE was conducted with 2 procedure & 4 response stations. Statistical Analysis: Percentage graphs & Student’s’ test using MS Excel were used.

Results:   There was statistically significant difference between the mean scores of CPE and OSPE (P < 0> Interpretation & Conclusion:  Our study concludes that the scores of OSPE were better than that of CPE. OSPE eliminated examiner bias by integration of cognitive, psychomotor and affective domains. Therefore OSPE can be introduced as Formative Assessment & Summative Assessment.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Anees_2021b,

title = {Acute phase reactants in hemodialysis patients in relation to ejection fraction},

author = {Syyeda Anees and Ruksana Kausar and Shaikh Mahmood and Mohammed Abbas Hyder},

url = {https://www.ijcbr.in/article-details/13118},

doi = {10.18231/j.ijcbr.2020.102},

issn = {2394-6369},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research},

volume = {7},

issue = {4},

pages = {484-487},

publisher = {IP Innovative Publication Pvt Ltd},

abstract = {Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is considered a public health problem because of its high prevalence, morbidity and mortality. 1 Morbidity remains high with more than 20% of patients undergoing hemodialysis dying every year with frequent complications of heart disease, hypertension, anaemia, inflammation and physical function. 2 Coronary artery disease has accounted for 40-50% of deaths among patients who undergo dialysis. Myocardial infarction has approximately accounted for 10-20% of these deaths which occur shortly after initiating dialysis with 29% within 1 year and 52% within 2 years. The risk increases as the kidney function declines. The present study aims to study the serum levels of hs-CRP and ferritin in hemodialysis patients and to

correlate with ejection fraction as an indirect association of coronary artery disease and therefore to study the role of inflammatory markers hs-CRP and ferritin in hemodialysis patients and their role as predictive markers in coronary artery disease.

The study included 50 hemodialysis patients with CAD and 50 hemodialysis patients without CAD. hs-CRP and ferritin parameters were analysed. hs-CRP and ferritin levels were significantly increased in hemodialysis patients with CAD.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Nazki_2020,

title = {Evaluation of serum uric acid levels in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients in association with glycemic control},

author = {Faizan I Asrar Nazki and Sara Mohammed and Syyeda Anees and Mohsin Wazir},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/fileview/evaluation-of-serum-uric-acid-levels-in-type-1-diabetes-mellitus-patients-in-association-with-the-glycemic-control_December_2020_7466102919_5722389.pdf},

issn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-12-31},

urldate = {2020-12-31},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {9},

issue = {12},

pages = {65-66},

abstract = {AIMS: To evaluate the serum uric acid levels in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in association with the glycemic control. METHODOLOGY: 100 subjects were enrolled (50 controls and 50 type 1 diabetic patients) with age and sex matched. 50 Type 1 diabetic patients were grouped into 3 based on their glycemic status. Venous blood and urine is collected for the estimation of the serum uric acid, serum creatinine, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c. RESULTS: The present study received signicant correlations between SUA and HbA1c with their respective controls with p –value <0.005. The difference of mean values of SUA between Group 2 and Group 3 is not signicant, whereas between Group 1 and Group 3 is statistically signicant (p value <0.01). CONCLUSION: The present study stated that serum uric acid concentration was found to be higher in type 1 DM. The raised UA levels are found to be associated with poor glycemic control in Type 1 diabetes mellitus.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mohammed_2020,

title = {Evalaution of urinary microalbumin levels in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients in association with the glycemic control},

author = {Sara Mohammed and Faizan I Asrar Nazki and Mohsin Wazir and Syyeda Anees},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/paripex/recent_issues_pdf/2020/December/evaluation-of-urinary-microalbumin-levels-in-type-1-diabetes-mellitus-patients-in-association-with-the-glycemic-control_December_2020_8160958036_6707308.pdf},

doi = {10.36106/paripex},

issn = {2250-1991},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-12-31},

urldate = {2020-12-31},

journal = {Paripex-Indian Journal of Research},

volume = {9},

issue = {12},

pages = {7-8},

abstract = {Aims: To evaluate the urinary microalbumin levels in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in association with the glycemic control. Methodology: 100 subjects were enrolled (50 controls and 50 type 1 diabetic patients) with age and sex matched. 50 Type 1 diabetic patients were grouped into 3 based on their glycemic status.Venous blood and urine is collected for the estimation of the urinary microalbumin, serum creatinine, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c. Results: The present study received significant correlations between MA and HbA1c with their respective controls with p –value < 0.005. The difference of means between Group 2 and Group 3 is statistically significant, and between Group 1 and Group 3 is also statistically significant (p value <0.05). Conclusion: The present study stated that urinary microalbumin was found to be higher in type 1 DM. The raised MA levels are found to be associated with poor glycemic control in Type 1 diabetes.

mellitus.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Vishwakarma_2020,

title = {Biofabrication of cell-laden allografts of goat urinary bladder scaffold for organ reconstruction/regeneration},

author = {Sandeep Kumar Vishwakarma and Shahana Sarwar and Mohammed Abdul Majid Adil and Aleem Ahmed Khan},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S004081662030433X?via%3Dihub},

doi = {10.1016/j.tice.2020.101443},

issn = {0040-8166},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-12-01},

urldate = {2020-12-01},

journal = {Tissue and Cell},

volume = {67},

pages = {101443},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Introduction: Bladder dysfunction has been considered as one of the most critical health conditions with no proper treatment. Current therapeutic approaches including enterocystoplasty have several limitations. Hence, biofabrication of cell-laden biological allografts using decellularized Goat urinary bladder scaffolds for organ reconstruction/regeneration was major objective of this study. Materials and methods: An efficient method for decellularization of Goat urinary bladder (N = 3) was developed by perfusion of gradient change of detergents through ureter. The retention of organ architecture, extracellular matrix composition, mechanical properties and removal of cellular components was characterized using histological, cellular and molecular analysis. Further, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human umbilical cord blood (UCB) were used for preparing biological construct of decellularized urinary bladder (DUB) scaffolds to augment the urinary bladder reconstruction/regeneration. Results: The decellularization method adopted in this study generated completely DUB scaffolds within 10 h at 100 mm Hg pressure and constant flow rate of 1 mL/min. The DUB scaffold retains organ architecture, ECM composition, and mechanical strength. No significant amount of residual nucleic acid was observed post-decellularization. Furthermore, MSCs derived from human UCB engrafted and proliferated well on DUB scaffolds in highly aligned manner under xeno-free condition. Conclusion: Biofabricated humanized urinary bladder constructs provides xeno-free allografts for future application in augmenting urinary bladder reconstruction/regeneration with further development.},

key = {pmid32998076},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jalees_2020,

title = {Adenosine deaminase and lactate dehydrogenase levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with tuberculous meningitis},

author = {Syeda Shahana Jalees and Syed Tamkeen Hussain},

url = {https://www.ijcbr.in/journal-article-file/12281},

doi = {10.18231/j.ijcbr.2020.088},

issn = {2394-6369},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-28},

urldate = {2020-09-28},

journal = {International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research},

volume = {7},

issue = {3},

pages = {411-415},

abstract = {Meningitis is an active inflammatory condition of CNS. However prompt and precise aetiological diagnosis remains a challenge. Often a thorough CSF examination may not give a precise diagnosis. There is considerable urgency in establishing correct diagnosis in patients with tuberculous meningitis because specific therapy is most effective when initiated early in course of illness, delay may cause irreversible brain damage. Diagnosis often rests on circumstantial evidence such as history, typical CSF findings and other evidence for presence of tuberculosis such as acid fast bacilli in sputum, positive tuberculosis test and suspicious Chest x-ray. Under present study the role of enzymes such as adenosine deaminase and lactate dehydrogenase has been evaluated in diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. Result of the study suggest that adenosine deaminase level in CSF and serum may be a useful parameter along with other routine estimations. The enzyme activity is high in disease such as tuberculosis where cellular mediated immunity is stimulated. Estimation of lactate dehydrogenase levels may not be a specific parameter for tuberculous meningitis this requires further studies in patients of meningitis with different aetiological diagnosis.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jameel_2019,

title = {Prevalence of auto-immune thyroid disease and anti-TPO antibodies in patients visiting out-patient ward for routine health check-up},

author = {Tahmeen Jameel and Mizba Khanam and Qursheed Sultana and Mohammed Ishaq},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-10-01},

urldate = {2019-10-01},

journal = {IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry},

volume = {5},

issue = {5},

pages = {39-41},

abstract = {The objective of the present study was to investigate prevalence of Auto-Immune Thyroid Disease (AITD) and screening for anti-thyroid peroxide auto antibodies (anti-TPO) in subjects visiting out-patient ward of Department of Medicine (Princess Esra Hospital, Hyderabad). A total of 136 cases were included consecutively. Age and gender of the patients were recorded and serum was tested for Thyroid Profile and anti-TPO antibodies by Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). The male to female ratio in 136 cases was 6.4%:93.6%. It was observed that 36 cases (26%) were found to be suffering from thyroid disease based on TSH, T3 and T4 levels of these 16 (11.7%) were hypothyroid, 7 (5%) were hyperthyroid cases. The remaining 10 (7%) cases were identified as having subclinical hypothyroidism. Of these cases 34 were found to be positive for anti-TPO auto-antibodies. The 2 negative cases were of hypothyroidism. Inordinately high proportion of females were found among AITD cases as well as among all the 136 cases selected for the study.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Faheem_2019,

title = {Measurement of urea and creatinine as a marker of renal function in Type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with good glycemic control and poor glycemic control},

author = {Raisa Faheem and Tahmeen Jameel and Raiyan Ali Afrooz and Syed Junaid Ahmed},

url = {https://saudijournals.com/media/articles/SIJB_29_234-236.pdf},

doi = {10.36348/SIJB.2019.v02i09.002 },

issn = {2616-8650},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-09-30},

urldate = {2019-09-30},

journal = {Scholars International Journal of Biochemistry},

volume = {2},

issue = {9},

pages = {234-236},

abstract = {Diabetes is a common cause of end stage renal disease and approximately 20 to 30% of all diabetics will develop

nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is characterised by abnormal renal function with reduction of glomerular filtration and rise in the level of Serum Urea and Creatinine. The study was conducted at Princess Esra Hospital, Deccan College of Medical Sciences. Patients with Dm in the age group 35 Yrs – 55 Yrs and controls also of the same age group Glycosylated Haemoglobin (Hb A1C) was done to categorise patients into two groups. Patients with good glycemic control having HbA1c<6-7%, Studies have demonstrated that the complications of diabetes can be delayed or prevented if HbA1c can be kept between 6-7%. The other group of patients were having poor glycemic control with HbA1c above 8%. The following parameters were included in the study FBS, PLBS, HbA1cm Urea and Creatinine. These parameters were estimated in normal (controls) and diabetics (with good glycemic control) and diabetics (with poor glycemic control). It was found that the blood sugar, blood urea and serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in diabetic patients with poor glycemic control compared to diabetic patients with good glycemic control. Strong relationship of blood urea and serum creatinine levels was found with blood sugar and HbA1c levels. Blood urea, serum creatinine blood sugar along with HbA1c would be helpful to monitor the diabetes patients to assess renal function.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fatima_2019,

title = {Serum levels of Magnesium, Copper, Zinc and Iron in patients with essential hypertension},

author = {Tamkinath Fatima and Syyeda Anees},

url = {https://saudijournals.com/media/articles/SIJB_27_205-208_c.pdf},

doi = {10.36348/sijb.2019.v02i07.003},

issn = {2616-8650},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-07-30},

journal = {Scholars International Journal of Biochemistry},

volume = {2},

issue = {7},

pages = {205-208},

abstract = {Hypertension (HTN) is an asymptomatic easily detectable chronic cardiovascular disorder which can cause coronary heart diseases, stroke and other complications. The relationship between trace elements and cardiovascular diseases is under investigation and showed conflicting results.In this study levels of magnesium, copper, zinc, iron in hypertensives were estimated and compared with normal healthy controls. A case control study was undertaken over a period of 6 months included 100 individuals aged between 25-65 years. 50 cases were hypertensive patients free from diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, any other chronic diseases, while 50 normal healthy subjects were controls. In both the groups, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, serum magnesium, copper, zinc and iron levels were obtained. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum copper, zinc was significantly high (p value <0.05) and magnesium, iron levels were significantly low in hypertensives. Excess free radicals, increased stress has been implicated in the etio-pathogenesis of hypertension. Copper and iron increase the levels of free radicals acting as a pro-oxidant leading to increased peripheral vascular resistance and hypertension. Increased zinc can be due to intracellular increase in renal zinc favoring the activity of carbonic anhydrase and causing an effect opposite to that of some diuretics. Elevated zinc leads to high sympathetic nervous activity. Decreased magnesium potentiates vasoconstriction and increase vascular tone leading to hypertension. We conclude that there exists a relationship between serum magnesium, copper, zinc, iron and hypertension but, further large-scale population studies should be undertaken to establish the role of various trace elements in hypertension.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jameel_2019,

title = {Prevention of complications in Type II diabetes mellitus by measuring glycated hemoglobin, 24 hours urinary protein and protein creatinine ratio and fundus examination},

author = {Tahmeen Jameel and Syed Mahmood Ahmed and Aiman Mahmood and Mahbub Unnisa},

url = {https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jbb/papers/Volume%205,%20Issue%204/C0504012022.pdf},

doi = {10.9790/264X-0504012022},

issn = {2455-264X},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-07-16},

urldate = {2019-07-16},

journal = {IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry},

volume = {5},

issue = {4},

pages = {20-22},

abstract = {The measurement of glycated hemoglobin, 24 hours urinary protein and protein creatinine ratio serves as an important index in the monitoring of diabetes patients to prevent the complications. Screening patients for Retinopathy is again very important. The cause of diabetic complication is not known. Major emphasis has been placed on the polyol pathway where in glucose is reduced to sorbitol by the enzyme aldolase reductase with reduced NADPH as the electron donating coenzyme. Sorbitol molecule is oxidized to fructose by the enzyme Sorbitol dehydrogenase and reduced NAD+ . Sorbitol appears to function as a tissue toxin and has been implicated in the pathogenicity of retinopathy, neuropathy and cataract. Among the clinically important secondary microvascular complications of diabetes, kidney as the target organ represents a health problem of enormous social cost. Nephropathy like other diabetic complications is probably influenced by genetic factors. 35% of NIDDM patients develop nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is duration dependent and extends over many years before becoming clinically evident. Persistent proteinuria appears to predict evidence of kidney damage. Proteinuria is the most widely accepted sign of diabetic nephropathy. Spot protein, creatinine ratio would be more accurate and less time consuming. Diabetic nephropathy is leading cause of morbidity and premature mortality in diabetes subjects. Diabetic nephropathy has an insidious onset with increase in glycated hemoglobin before the appearance of microalbuminuria.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kahkashan_2018,

title = {Variation in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation pressure and augmentation index during different phases of menstrual cycle},

author = {Nudrath Kahkashan and Mehnaaz Sameera Arifuddin and Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari and Safia Sultana and Farah Fatima and Syyeda Anees},

url = {https://amphysiol.com/index.php/amp/article/view/v2i3.10454},

doi = {10.23921/amp.2018v2i3.10454},

issn = {2456-8422},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-11-28},

urldate = {2018-11-28},

journal = {Annals of Medical Physiology},

volume = {2},

issue = {3},

pages = {27-32},

publisher = {Quench Academy of Medical Education and Research (QAMER) Publishing House},

abstract = {Physiological variation of estrogen and progesterone during menstrual cycle is well known.  They not only have an effect on blood pressure control, but also seem to have a role in regulating arterial compliance. This study was done to find out whether there are any changes in central arterial parameters during different phases of menstrual cycle. Thirty female  subjects  in the  age  group  of  18-22  years  with  normal,  regular menstrual  cycles  participated in this prospective observational study at our teaching hospital. Anthropometric parameters were recorded.  Blood pressure in all 4 limbs was recorded using cardiovascular risk analyzer-Periscope™ on Day 3rd to 5th (follicular phase), Day 12th to 14th (ovulation phase), Day 22nd to 24th (luteal phase) of their menstrual cycle. We collected blood samples during these three phases for estimation of estradiol and progesterone by ELISA technique. Analysis of variance and correlation statistics were done using SPSS 17.0 statistical software. No significant statistical changes were observed in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, aortic systolic pressure, aortic diastolic pressure, aortic augmentation pressure, aortic index and pulse wave velocity during the three recorded phases of the menstrual cycle. There are many studies which correlate changes in peripheral artery blood pressure with different phases of menstrual cycle. But there is scarcity in data available which correlates central arterial pressures and arterial stiffness with natural hormonal variations in different phases of menstrual cycle. However, our results show that although there are subtle changes in blood pressure parameters along with estrogen and progesterone levels throughout the menstrual cycle, yet these were not statistically significant.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jameel_2017,

title = {Altered activity of lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase enzyme and high density lipoprotein in type 2 diabetes mellitus},

author = {Tahmeen Jameel and Raisa Faheem and Aiman Mahmood and Afnan Ali Afrooz},

url = {https://www.medpulse.in/Biochemistry/Article/Volume4Issue2/Biochem_4_2_1.pdf},

doi = {10.26611/1002421},

issn = {2550-763X},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-10-26},

urldate = {2017-10-26},

journal = {MedPulse International Journal of Biochemistry},

volume = {4},

issue = {2},

pages = {29-31},

abstract = {An important enzyme in modulating plasma HDL levels is cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) which is responsible for the formation of most of the cholesterol esters (CE) present in human plasma. This enzyme catalyses the transfer of fatty acid from the Sn-2 position of the lecithin to the free hydroxyl group of cholesterol. It utilizes linoleate for the esterification of cholesterol in preference to the other fatty acids. Thus the enrichment of the linoleate content of plasma lecithin which accompanies ingestion of a poly unsaturated fat diet leads to an increase in the proportion of cholesterol linoleate in plasma. The physiological substrate for LCAT is probably nascent HDL. The enzyme activity is dependent on apoA-1 and in inhibited by apoA-2. Thus the maturing HDL particles contain mainly esterified cholesterol which having been rendered non diffusible are trapped in the HDL and then are transferred to the liver to undergo catabolism. Present studies have been carried out on diabetic patients with good glycaemic control and diabetics with poor glycaemic control and compared with normal control group. HDL cholesterol levels in diabetic patients with good and poor glycaemic control were significantly lower than the normal control group. LCAT in diabetic patients with good and poor glycaemic control were significantly lower than the normal control group. However HDL cholesterol level and LCAT activity in diabetic patients with poor glycaemic control was still lower this supports the observation that coronary artery disease (CAD) is 2-4 times higher in diabetes than non diabetes.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jameel_2017,

title = {Study of plasma fibrinogen in diabetes mellitus with complications},

author = {Tahmeen Jameel and Raisa Faheem and Syyeda Anees},

url = {https://www.medpulse.in/Biochemistry/Article/Volume4Issue1/Biochem_4_1_2.pdf},

doi = {10.26611/1002412},

issn = {2550-763X},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-10-23},

journal = {MedPulse International Journal of Biochemistry},

volume = {4},

issue = {1},

pages = {5-7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Nazki_2017,

title = {Total proteins, albumin and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes mellitus},

author = {Faizan I Asrar Nazki and Syyeda Anees and Sara Mohammed },

url = {https://www.medpulse.in/Biochemistry/html_3_3_1.php},

doi = {10.26611/1002331},

issn = {2550-763X},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-09-02},

urldate = {2017-09-02},

journal = {MedPulse International Journal of Biochemistry},

volume = {3},

issue = {3},

pages = {40-42},

abstract = {Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance [affecting carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism]. Glycation of proteins, including hemoglobin and albumin have been implicated in complications of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between variations in the levels of albumin and total proteins with glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c]. Present study involved 408 participants who visited Owaisi Hospital and Research Center, Hyderabad from November 2015 to June 2017. 204 were freshly detected diabetic patients and 204, age and sex matched healthy controls. Fasting blood glucose levels, HbA1c, plasma total proteins and plasma albumin were estimated. The objective was to analyze the association between total proteins, albumin and HbA1c in newly diagnosed cases of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. HbA1c levels increased (p<0.001) from 4.90 ± 0.53 in controls to 9.02 ± 2.06 in cases, plasma albumin levels were decreased (P<0.50) from 3.85 ± 0.68 in controls to 3.19 ± 1.07 in cases and plasma total protein levels were increased from 6.8±0.81 in controls to 7.31±0.93 [p< 0.0013*] in cases. Globulin levels increased (P<0.50) from 1. 68 ± 0.29 in controls to 1.74 ± 0.57 in cases. A/G ratio levels decreased (P<1.20) from 2.31 ± 0.43 in controls to 1.84± 0.36 in cases. Glycation accelerates albumin degradation via increasing catabolic rate and decreasing protein half-life, and competes with other proteins for glycation. Our study showed a negative correlation between HbA1c and serum albumin. Freshly detected diabetic patients were associated with increased total proteins and decreased A/G ratio. We observed in our study that albumin levels may be associated inversely with HbA1c values. Our results may lead us to study the ways in which glucose and proteins may interact in a newer approach and could aid in understanding hyperglycemia and its estimation.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mohammed_2017,

title = {Correlation of 24-hour urinary protein, urinary protein: creatinine ratio and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes with and without nephropathy},

author = {Sara Mohammed and Syyeda Anees and Faizan I Asrar Nazki },

url = {https://www.medpulse.in/Biochemistry/Article/Volume3Issue2/Bio_3_2_2.pdf},

doi = {10.26611/1002322},

issn = {2550-763X},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-08-18},

urldate = {2017-08-18},

journal = {MedPulse International Journal of Biochemistry},

volume = {3},

issue = {2},

pages = {29-33},

abstract = {Background: The leading cause of morbidity and premature mortality in diabetics is nephropathy. Glycemic control is closely associated with renal involvement in diabetes. Proteinuria is an important clinical sign in Diabetic Nephropathy. Objectives: To estimate serum levels of HbA1c, 24- hour urinary protein concentration and urinary protein: creatinine ratio in Type 2 diabetics with and without nephropathy. To assess correlation between protein: creatinine ratio, 24-hour urinary protein and HbA1c levels in these groups. Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted in the department of Biochemistry, Owaisi Hospital, from October 2016 to May 2017 on 103 diabetes patients comprising of 41 diabetics without nephropathy (Group A) and 62 Type 2 diabetes subjects with nephropathy (Group B). The following parameters were estimated: Fasting blood glucose, Serum creatinine, HbA1c, Urinary protein and creatinine. Results: Results show that the mean values of fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, HbA1c, 24-hour urinary protein and protein to creatinine ratio are significantly increased in Group B when compared to Group A and these parameters are further increased in diabetic subjects with P: C ratio ≥ 0.2 than those with <0.2 Result: 24-hour urinary protein and protein: creatinine ratio levels are significantly increased (p< 0.001) with proteinuria more than the physiological range (P: C ratio 0.2) than within physiological range (P: C < 0.2).24- hour urinary protein and P:C ratio also correlated positively with high significance.HbA1c levels correlated positively with both P:C ratio and 24-hour urinary protein levels. Conclusion: This study suggests estimating HbA1c as an indicator of glycemic control .P:C ratio is convenient method for early diagnosis and intervention for diabetic nephropathy.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Faheem_2017,

title = {Levels of serum magnesium in normal persons and persons suffering from viral hepatitis and diabetes mellitus-a comparative study},

author = {Raisa Faheem and Anjum Sultana Khatoon},

url = {https://www.jebmh.com/articles/levels-of-serum-magnesium-in-normal-persons-and-persons-suffering-from-viral-hepatitis-and-diabetes-mellitus--a-comparat.pdf.pdf},

doi = {10.18410/jebmh/2017/688},

issn = {2349-2562},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-07-15},

urldate = {2017-07-15},

journal = {Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare},

volume = {4},

issue = {57},

pages = {3456-3458},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation in the body, second most abundant cation of the intracellular fluid and is known to be intimately associated with a variety of metabolic events. Magnesium is one of the most vital elements in biologic systems. In the plant world, it is the key element of chlorophyll. In the animal world, it is essential for many vital enzyme systems among which is the activation of membrane bound adenosine triphosphates. This enzyme system deals with energy production through oxidative phosphorylation and with distribution of sodium and potassium across the cell membrane. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients admitted in Owaisi Hospitals & Research Centre, Hyderabad were clinically investigated and pathological proved have been selected for the present study of serum magnesium estimation. In the present case 22 cases of viral hepatitis and 40 cases of normal (control) were considered and (40 normal individuals, 30 males and 10 females were studied to serve as controls and 15 cases of diabetes mellitus are studied in the present case. RESULTS: The present study presents the data on level of serum Magnesium in normal and diseased persons (Viral Hepatitis). The results reveal that the mean serum magnesium levels are found to be higher in Viral Hepatitis and in diabetes mellitus in Comparison with that of Control (Normal) Group. CONCLUSION: This study has shown that the mean Serum Magnesium Level were higher in cases of Viral Hepatitis and in diabetes mellitus in comparison with the normal control group. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jalees_2017,

title = {Study of malondialdehyde and estimation of blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus with cataract},

author = {Syeda Shahana Jalees and M. Rosaline},

url = {https://www.ijcbr.in/journal-article-file/4718},

doi = {10.18231/2394-6377.2017.0074},

issn = {2394-6369},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-07-11},

urldate = {2017-07-11},

journal = {International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research},

volume = {4},

issue = {3},

pages = {319-323},

abstract = {Increased oxidative stress may contribute to development of complications in diabetes may result from over production of precursors to reactive oxygen radicals and/ or decreased efficiency of inhibitory scavenger systems. Senile diabetic cataract is one of the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. The present study has been carried out in patients suffering with NIDDM (Type-2) with or without associated cataract. Hyperglycemia causes oxidative stress, as measured by malondialdehyde (MDA) (a lipid peroxidation product) is more in diabetic patients (370.80 n.mol/l) compared to the normal individuals (181.04 n.mol/l) whereas the oxidative stress in diabetics with cataract is significantly more (399.12 n.mol/l) than that in diabetics without complications. Attempts have been made under present study to estimate serum MDA levels as a marker of free radical stress against free radical injury.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Masih_2016,

title = {Evaluation of serum levels of trace elements, malondialdehyde, ceruloplasmin in the development of preeclampsia},

author = {Syed Shabbar Masih and Syyeda Anees and Shaikh Mahmood},

url = {https://ijirms.in/index.php/ijirms/article/view/60},

doi = {10.23958/ijirms/vol01-i07/06},

issn = {2455-8737},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-12-25},

urldate = {2016-12-25},

journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science},

volume = {1},

issue = {7},

pages = {342-348},

abstract = {Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific condition that increases maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. Despite its prevalence and severity, the patho-physiology of this multisystem disorder is poorly understood and its etiology has not yet been fully elucidated. This study was aimed to evaluate the role of trace elements copper, zinc, magnesium, antioxidant ceruloplasmin (Cp) and lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The results showed increased levels of serum copper, Cp and MDA in normal pregnant women (group II) and in pregnant women with preeclampsia (group III) when compared to normal non pregnant  women (group I), ( P< 0.001). Further these levels were higher in group III when compared to group II (P< 0.001). Serum levels of zinc were significantly decreased in group II when compared to group I (P< 0.001) and were significantly lower in group III when compared to group II (P< 0.001). There was no significant difference in serum magnesium levels in controls and cases (P= 0.2927). The findings suggest that lipid peroxidation along with imbalance of antioxidants of micronutrients may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Khatoon_2016b,

title = {Effect of proteinuria in diabetes mellitus},

author = {Anjum Sultana Khatoon and Raisa Faheem},

url = {https://www.jebmh.com/abstract/effect-of-proteinuria-in-diabetes-mellitus-82118.html},

issn = {2349-2562},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-12-08},

urldate = {2016-12-08},

journal = {Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare},

volume = {3},

issue = {98},

pages = {5404-5412},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy is a dreaded complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, in the early stages, also known as incipient nephropathy, it can be detected by presence of proteinuria. The aim of our study is to know the occurrence of proteinuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to note its associations with the duration of diabetes since diagnosis and also the various macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was undertaken in Princess Esra Hospital/DCMS - Hyderabad. A total of one hundred randomly selected diabetic patients satisfying the inclusion criteria were selected for the study. All patients were evaluated in detail along with the testing for proteinuria with dipsticks (Micral). RESULTS: The overall occurrence of proteinuria was 38%. The occurrence of proteinuria showed a direct relationship with increasing age (p=0.053) and increasing duration of diabetes since diagnosis. An HbA1c value above 7% is associated with 50% or higher incidence of proteinuria (p=0.018). Patients with a body mass index of more than 25 kg/m2 have significant increase in the incidence of proteinuria (p=0.027). The incidence of proteinuria is significantly associated with the presence of retinopathy (p=0.073), peripheral neuropathy (p=0.009), ischaemic heart disease (p=0.011) and hypertension (p=0.001). Proteinuria is inversely associated with HDL (p=0.089). CONCLUSION: The occurrence of proteinuria in type 2 diabetic patients of Hyderabad was quite high. During the evaluation of diabetic patients, the possibility of proteinuria and its correlation with various complications of diabetes mellitus should be kept in mind.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Prabhakar_2016,

title = {Renal dysfunction in burn injuries significance of hypovolaemia, azotemia And hyperkalemia},

author = {M. Prabhakar and Mohammed Abbas Hyder and Syyeda Anees and N. Sudershan Rao and Shaikh Mahmood},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/fileview.php?val=November_2016_1496064296__115.pdf},

issn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-11-30},

urldate = {2016-11-30},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {5},

issue = {11},

pages = {86-87},

abstract = {Burn injury is a major cause of Acute renal failure. It is very common and leads to mortality. Finally it results in a

complex interplay of various cellular and neuro – hormonal changes. In severe burn patients there will be a continuous homeostatic alteration. The aim of this study is to present the salient features in burn patients. There is a comprehensive understanding of the global physiologic changes underlying the condition of burn patients and a judicious interpretation of their continuous homeostatic alterations. Extensive burn injury encompass not only the coetaneous wound but also systemic changes associated with serious pathophysiological complications, one of which is acute renal failure the incidence of acute renal failure in burn patients has been shown to vary widely from 1% to 30% and is associated with 73% to 100% mortality . Acute renal failure as an abrupt decrease in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) cause by intrinsic parenchymal

disease or alterations in intrarenal hemodynamics. Its major manifestation is the accumulation of water, urea, creatinine, and potassium in the blood. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mahmood_2016b,

title = {Hypoproteinemia, hypocalcemia, hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia and trace elements in patients with burn injuries},

author = {Shaikh Mahmood and M. Prabhakar and Syyeda Anees and Mohammed Abbas Hyder},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/fileview/October_2016_1496311589__199.pdf},

isbn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-10-31},

urldate = {2016-10-31},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {5},

issue = {10},

pages = {558-559},

abstract = {The present study illustrates the changes in total proteins, electrolytes and trace elements in serum of patients

with burn injuries. The levels of these substances are very important in diagnosis and the therapy of the patients. A total of 65 patients and 100 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. These patients were admitted to the burns ward at Owaisi Hospital & Research Centre, a teaching hospital to Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India with 25 – 30% degree of burn. They were suffering from second to third degree (flame and scald) burn injury. The results showed a statistically significant decrease in levels of serum total proteins, calcium, sodium, copper and zinc where as serum potassium levels were significantly increased in burn injuries.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Anees_2016,

title = {Acute phase reactants and lipid profile in acute chest pain presentations: a multimarker approach},

author = {Syyeda Anees and Jabeen Fatima and Mohammed Abbas Hyder},

url = {https://www.msjonline.org/index.php/ijrms/article/view/1131},

doi = {10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20162290},

issn = {2320-6012},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-08-01},

urldate = {2016-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences},

volume = {4},

issue = {8},

pages = {3336--3342},

publisher = {Medip Academy},

abstract = {Background: Cardiovascular diseases cause more deaths and disability and incur greater economic cost than any other illness in the world. Our objective is to study the biological activity and evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic values of acute phase reactants, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and ferritin in association with traditional lipid profile, in screening subjects who developed chest pain due to cardiac event as indicated by a positive cardiac troponin I (cTnI) test. Methods: In this hospital-based prospective study, a total of 150 cases (n=150), presented consecutively to the emergency department with symptoms of cardiac ischemia and tested positive for troponin I (enzyme-linked flourescent assay), were compared with an equal number of age and gender matched healthy controls (n=150) for hsCRP (immunoturbidimetric assay), ferritin (immunoturbidimetric assay) and lipid profile (enzymatic colorimetric assay). 

Results: Median serum hsCRP levels were 2.12 mg/L)±1.79 mg/L) than controls (2.82±significantly elevated in cases (3.57 (p0.05) different between the two groups. 

Conclusions: hsCRP and ferritin are independent novel predictors for cardiovascular risks and events. Lipid profile demonstrates low specificity in such cases.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mahmood_2016,

title = {Proteins, lactate dehydrogenase and adenosine deaminase in pleural fluid- useful markers in differentiating tuberculosis from lung cancer},

author = {Shaikh Mahmood and Syyeda Anees and Badruz Zama and Mohammed Abbas Hyder},

url = {http://journalcmpr.com/sites/default/files/issue-files/0145.pdf},

issn = {2395-6429},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-06-20},

urldate = {2016-06-20},

journal = {International Journal of Current Medical and Pharmaceutical Research},

volume = {6},

issue = {1},

pages = {356-360},

abstract = {To evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of pleural effusions in to tuberculosis (TB) or

cancer (CA). A total of 385 patients with pleural effusion due to TB (n=175) or CA (n=112) were studied. The following parameters were analyzed: patient gender, age and pleural effusion characteristics (size, location, microscopic fluid aspect protein concentration, lactate dehydrogenase (DHL) and adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) and nucleated cell counts). The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of the determination of protein concentration, lactate dehydrogenase (DHL) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) level in pleural fluid for the

differential diagnosis between tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) and malignant pleural effusion (MPE). We retrospect tively reviewed the clinical records of 385 patients with pleural effusion and investigated their pleural protein concentration, DHL and ADA levels as determined by an auto analyzer (Micro Lab 300). The study included patients with TPE (n＝175), MPE (n＝112), benign non-tuberculous pleural effusion (n＝81), and pleural effusion of unknown etiology (n＝17). Although the protien concentration, DHL and ADA activity in pleural fluid can help in the diagnosis of TPE and MPE patients. Fluid with higher protein (p < 0.001) levels predominated in effusions from the tuberculosis group (5.3 + 0.8 g/dL) when compared to the CA group (4.2 ± 1.0 g/dL), whereas DHL levels were more elevated in CA (1,177 ± 675 x 1,030 ± 788 IU; p = 0.003) than in TB. As expected, ADA activity was higher in the TB group (107.6 ± 44.2 X 30.6 ± 57.5 U/L; p < 0.001). Our results demonstrate that in lymphocytic pleural exudate obtained from patients with clinical and radiological evidence of tuberculosis, protein concentration, DHL and ADA were the parameters that better characterize these effusions. In the same way, when the clinical suspicion is malignancy, serous- hemorrhagic lymphocytic fluid should be submitted to oncotic cytology once this easy and inexpensive exam reaches a high diagnostic performance ( 80%). In this context, we suggest thoracocentesis with fluid biochemical and cytological examination as the first diagnostic approach for these patients.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bardia_2016,

title = {Genetic polymorphisms of X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 and Apurinic/Apyrimidinic endonuclease-1 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease},

author = {Avinash Bardia and Sandeep Kumar Vishwakarma and Chandrakala Lakki Reddy and N. Raju and Shaik Iqbal and Gallapalli Sravani and Narneni Lavanya and Nazima Begum and Nazia Uzma and Pratibha Nallari and Badruz Zama and Syed Mahmood Ahmed and Ashfaq Hasan and Aleem Ahmed Khan},

url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10753-016-0355-x},

doi = {10.1007/s10753-016-0355-x},

issn = {0360-3997},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-04-23},

urldate = {2016-04-23},

journal = {Inflammation},

volume = {39},

issue = {3},

pages = {1198–1204},

abstract = {Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous collection of conditions characterized by irreversible expiratory airflow limitation. The disease is interspersed with exacerbations; periods of acute symptomatic, physiological, and functional deterioration. The present study was designed to investigate the role of X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) and apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) polymorphisms and the risk of COPD. Blood samples from 354 unrelated subject (age range 18–60 years; 156 with COPD, 198 healthy controls) were collected. Genomic DNA was isolated and genotyped for XRCC1 Arg399Gln and APE1 Asp148Glu using a confronting two pair primers polymerase chain reaction. GA genotype of XRCC1 gene was found to be predominant in the COPD group compared to controls with 1.86-fold increased risk for COPD (OR 1.86, 95 % CI 1.20–2.88, p = 0.0013). TG genotype of APE1 was found to be predominant in COPD group compared to controls with the difference being statistically significant (OR 1.68, 95 % CI 1.08–2.61, p = 0.0043). The GA haplotype was found to be predominant in COPD than controls with a 2.19-fold significant increase (OR 2.19, 95 % CI 1.46–3.28, p = 0.003). Polymorphism in XRCC1 and APE1 gene is associated with an increased risk of COPD.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sarwat_2016,

title = {Seroprevalence of hepatitis A and E virus infections in patients with acute viral hepatitis in Hyderabad, India- a one year study},

author = {Fatima Sarwat and Syyeda Anees and Anjum Ayesha},

url = {https://journaljammr.com/index.php/JAMMR/article/view/2146/4306},

doi = {10.9734/bjmmr/2016/21879},

issn = {2231-0614},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-10},

urldate = {2016-01-10},

journal = {British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research},

volume = {11},

issue = {10},

pages = {1-9},

abstract = {Introduction: Acute viral hepatitis due to faeco- oral group of hepatitis viruses is endemic in India. Outbreaks of hepatitis E virus infection are more common than the hepatitis A virus. Aim: The present study aimed at determining the seroprevalence of IgM antibodies to hepatitis A and E virus in clinically diagnosed acute viral hepatitis cases. And to determine its usefulness against the disease prevention. Study Design: A cross sectional study was carried out on symptomatic patients referred from paediatric and gastro enterology department of Princess Esra hospital. Place and Duration of Study: Around one hundred and eight subjects were analyzed for anti IgM antibodies to hepatitis A and E virus and liver function test in the department of laboratory medicine for Microbiology and biochemistry at Princess Esra Hospital, Deccan College of Medical Sciences between January 2013 and January 2014. Methodology: Blood samples were collected under strict aseptic precautions and tested for anti-HAV and Anti-HEV IgM antibodies using capture elisa from diasorin. Biochemical analysis included estimation of serum aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin levels. Results: An overall seropositivity of 54% was observed in the present study. More number of the subjects as 46.29% tested positive for anti HAV IgM than for anti HEV IgM as 7.4%. Co-infections were not noticed. Acute viral hepatitis due to hepatitis A virus is more common in children in the age group 6-10 years followed by 11-15 years and lastly 0-5 years indicating the epidemiological shift. Infection with hepatitis E virus was common in adolescent and adults. Males were more susceptible to both the infections than females. Liver function test results correlated well with viral markers indicating damage to the liver parenchyma. The socioeconomic status of the individuals revealed that 95% of the subjects were below poverty line and didn’t have access to proper drinking water and sanitary facilities. None were vaccinated against Hepatitis A virus. Conclusion: The present data suggest that we need to have a dual pronged approach against prevention of acute viral hepatitis caused by A and E virus. Government authorities should prioritize on bringing a uniform improvement in the living standards of the society and make vaccine available to the high risk group at a subsidized rate.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fatima_2016,

title = {Evaluation of ApoB and A-1 as Cardiac markers in young adult population},

author = {Fatima Jabeen and Syyeda Anees and Sudha Bala},

url = {https://jmscr.igmpublication.org/v4-i6/55%20jmscr.pdf},

doi = {10.18535/jmscr/v4i6.55},

issn = {2347-176X},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

urldate = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research},

volume = {4},

issue = {6},

pages = {11013-20},

abstract = {Clinically normal young adults with no well-known risk factors may present with metabolic syndrome, hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidemia and type-II diabetes. Age and sex are two non-modifiable risk factors for developing cardiovascular disturbances which may affect the levels of apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A-I. The objective is to study serum apo B and A-I levels in association with the conventional lipid profile parameters in atherogenic dyslipidemia. In this hospital-based prospective study, clinically normal males (n=172) and females (n=188), aged between 20-39 years, divided into two age groups: group-I (20-29 years) and group-II (30-39 years), subjected to overnight fasting had their lipid profile parameters (enzymatic colorimetric assay) along with the serum levels of apoB and apoA-I (immunoturbidimetry method) estimated. Subjects with body mass index (BMI) >30 were excluded from the study. Data was statistically analysed using Chi-square test and ROC curves. ApoB levels showed continuous increase with age in both sexes with males having significantly raised (p<0.01) levels in both groups compared to females. ApoA-I levels declined with increasing age in both sexes and this decline was relatively earlier in males. Within each group females were having relatively raised (p<0.05) apoA-I levels than males. Moderate to strong correlations were observed between serum apoA-I and HDL-C concentrations (p<0.0001) and between serum apoB and LDL-C concentrations (p<0.0001), respectively. ApoB may be a more sensitive measure of atherogenic dyslipidemia than LDL-C and a better index for assessing cardiovascular risk, whereas apoA-I did not add significantly to the estimation of future atherosclerotic vascular risk.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mahmood_2015,

title = {Liver cirrhosis with ascites: Study on identifying reliability parameters for clinical outcome},

author = {Shaikh Mahmood and Badruz Zama and Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari},

url = {https://www.ijpcbs.com/articles/liver-cirrhosis-with-ascites-study-on-identifying-reliability-parameters-for-clinical-outcome.pdf},

issn = {2249-9504},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-03-31},

urldate = {2015-03-31},

journal = {International Journal of Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Biological Sciences},

volume = {5},

issue = {1},

pages = {71-76},

abstract = {Background: Ascites is one of the major complications of liver cirrhosis which usually develop secondary to portal hypertension.

Aim: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the utility of ratios of few biochemical parameters between serum and ascetic fluid, whether these ratios are more reliable than the actual parameters in diagnosis and prognosis of these patients.

Study design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and duration of study: Owaisi Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India from July 2012 to December 2013.

Methodology: Biochemical analysis of serum and ascetic fluid focussed on assessing liver function was done. A total of 350 cirrhotic patients of both genders were screened for ascites and 50 among them fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled for this study. They were assessed for 34 demographic and laboratory parameters including liver function tests, renal function tests and serum electrolytes. We made an attempt to know whether ratio of some of the biochemical parameters in ascitic fluid-to-serum (AF/S) can be more reliable indicators and better prognostic markers in liver cirrhosis with ascites.

Results and Conclusion: In this endeavour, the AF/S ratios of total proteins, albumin, ADA, LDH, GGT and α-amylase did not showed a clear advantage over the existing biochemical analysis in vogue.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Anees_2014,

title = {Evaluation of oxidative stress and antioxidant status in relation to glycemic control in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus},

author = {Syyeda Anees and Parveen Naimath and Mohammed Siraj and Mohammed Ishaq},

url = {https://docsdrive.com/pdfs/academicjournals/ajbmb/2014/93-98.pdf},

doi = {10.3923/ajbmb.2014.93.98},

issn = {2150-4210},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

urldate = {2014-01-01},

journal = {American Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology},

volume = {4},

issue = {2},

pages = {93-98},

abstract = {Oxidative stress and antioxidant status was evaluated in relation to glycemic control in Type 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients (DM). A total of 69 DM patients (34 T1 and 35 T2DM cases) were enrolled in the study along with 15 healthy subjects. The patients were grouped into those with good glycemic control and others with poor glycemic control. Serum fructosamine levels were also determined as a supportive parameter for confirming glycemic status. Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was used as a marker of oxidative stress and serum catalase activity was quantitated for an assessment of anti-oxidant status of the patients. Mean MDA levels in poor glycemic control group of T1 and T2DM were significantly higher (p<0.01) not only than the means of the healthy controls but also than the means of diabeteic groups with good glycemic control (p<0.01). Mean serum catalase activity was significantly reduced in DM patients of all the groups compared to that of healthy controls (p<0.05) indicating considerable reduction in the anti-oxidant status of the patients. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jameel_2014,

title = {Estimation of glycated hemoglobin in Type 2 diabetes mellitus},

author = {Tahmeen Jameel and Syed Mahmood Ahmed },

url = {https://www.cibtech.org/J-Innovative-Research-Review/Publications/2014/Vol-2-No-1/JIRR-05-010-TAHMEEN-ESTIMATION-MELLITUS.pdf},

issn = {2347-4424},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

urldate = {2014-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research and Review},

volume = {2},

issue = {1},

pages = {29-34},

abstract = {The study on measurement of glycated haemoglobin levels serves as an important index in the diagnosis of diabetes and also monitoring of diabetes patients to prevent the complications. The cause of diabetic complication is not known. Major emphasis has been placed on the polyol pathway where in glucose is reduced to sorbitol by the enzyme aldose reductase with reduced NADPH as the electron donating coenzyme. Sorbitol molecule is oxidised to fructose by the enzyme sorbitol dehydrogenase and reduced NAD+. Sorbitol appears to function as a tissue toxin and has been implicated in pathogenesis of retinopathy, neuropathy, cataract and aortic diseases. A second mechanism of potential pathogenetic importance is glycation of proteins. Glycation is non enzymatic addition of hexoses to proteins and glycosylation is enzymatic addition. This chemical reaction is the linkage between a reducing sugar and a receptive amino acid. It was first described in relation to food proteins (Millard, 1913). It has been shown that the difference in ionic charge between HBA1c and ordinary adult haemoglobin was due to addition of a glucose molecule to the amino terminal valine of the beta chain via an aldimine linkage which then underwent an Amadori rearrangement to form a more stable and virtually irreversible ketamine product (Bookchin, 1968; Bunn, 1975). The logical culmination of these findings was the hypothesis that in diabetes the level of glycosylated haemoglobin HBA1c or HBA1 would be proportional to the time averaged blood glucose level in the previous 7-8weeks, a period approximating to the half life of the average red blood cells. Normal glucose produces a normal amount of glycated haemoglobin. In diabetes mellitus higher amount of glycated haemoglobin indicates poorer control of blood glucose level. Fasting plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin was estimated and based on the results the subjects were classified into three groups. Group I: Normal control non diabetic subjects; Group II: DM with good glycaemic control; Group III: DM with poor glycaemic control; Group II and group III patients were evaluated for complications by including lipid profile, tests for protein in urine and fundus examination. It was found that one or more complications were more predominant in Group III than in group II subjects. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jameel_2013,

title = {Estimation of lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase activity and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in type 2 diabetes mellitus},

author = {Tahmeen Jameel and Syed Mahmood Ahmed },

url = {https://www.cibtech.org/J-MEDICAL-SCIENCES/PUBLICATIONS/2013/Vol_3_No_3/JMS-14-022-TAHMEEN-%20ESTIMATION-%20MELLITUS.pdf},

issn = {2277-2103},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

urldate = {2013-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences},

volume = {3},

issue = {3},

pages = {100-109},

abstract = {An important enzyme in modulating plasma HDL levels is lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) which is responsible for the formation of most of the cholesterol esters (CE) present in human plasma. This enzyme catalyses the transfer of fatty acid from the Sn-2 position of the lecithin to the free hydroxyl group of cholesterol. It utilizes linoleate for the esterification of cholesterol in preference to the other fatty acids. Thus the enrichment of the linoleate content of plasma lecithin which accompanies ingestion of a poly unsaturated fat diet leads to an increase in the proportion of cholesterol linoleate in plasma. The physiological substrate for LCAT is probably nascent HDL. The enzyme activity is dependent on apoA-1 and is inhibited by apoA-2. Thus the maturing HDL particles contain mainly esterified cholesterol which having been rendered non diffusible are trapped in the HDL and then are transferred to the liver to undergo catabolism. Present studies have been carried out on diabetic patients with good glycaemic control and diabetics with poor glycaemic control and compared with normal control group. HDL cholesterol levels in diabetic patients with good and poor glycaemic control were significantly lower than the normal control group. LCAT in diabetic patients with good and poor glycaemic control were significantly lower than the normal control group. However HDL cholesterol level and LCAT activity in diabetic patients with poor glycaemic control was still lower this supports the observation that coronary artery disease (CAD) is 2-4 times higher in diabetes than in non diabetes.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jameel_2013b,

title = {Estimation of lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus},

author = {Tahmeen Jameel and Raisa Faheem and Syed Mahmood Ahmed},

url = {https://www.cibtech.org/J-MEDICAL-SCIENCES/PUBLICATIONS/2013/Vol_3_No_3/JMS-05-006-%20TAHMEEN-%20ESTIMATION-%20MELLITUS.pdf},

issn = {2277-2103},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

urldate = {2013-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences},

volume = {3},

issue = {3},

pages = {24-38},

abstract = {Impaired Lipid Metabolism resulting from uncontrolled hyperglycemia has been implicated in cardiovascular complications in diabetes patients. In the present study the impact of glycaemic control on the lipid profile of diabetic patients is examined. Lipoprotein levels are measured in non-diabetic persons and NIDDM (Type 2 DM) patients with good control and poor control of Diabetes mellitus (DM). The present study also reveals that reducing LDL cholesterol is beneficial in reducing CAD risk and lowering of LDL cholesterol being a primary target in the prevention of CAD.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Faheem_2013,

title = {Study of serum adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) in diabetes mellitus with complications},

author = {Raisa Faheem and Tahmeen Jameel },

url = {https://www.cibtech.org/J-LIFE-SCIENCES/PUBLICATIONS/2013/Vol_3_No_3/JLS-20-18...AFROZE...%20STUDY...%20COMPLICATIONS.pdf},

issn = {2231– 6345},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

urldate = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences},

volume = {3},

issue = {3},

pages = {142-149},

abstract = {Diabetes mellitus is a complex syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia, leading to vascular complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy and macrovascular disease like atherosclerosis. Patients with diabetes with complications and without complications are taken up for the study. The parameter serum Adenosine Deaminase, Activity (ADA) is considered, which is helpful in understanding the predisposing factors and the assessment of these patients to develop complications. The present study reveals that serum ADA is found to be raised in diabetic patients without complications while it is similar to control group with complications. This indicates that increased susceptibility of diabetes to develop a variety of bacterial and fungal infection may not be due to immune deficiency.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Nasreen_2012,

title = {Glutamate decarboxylase and GABA aminotransferase levels in different regions of rat brain on the onset of leptazol induced convulsions},

author = {Zahida Nasreen and Tahmeen Jameel and Ashfaq Hasan and Parveen Naimath and B. Sadasivudu},

url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11064-011-0603-2},

doi = {10.1007/s11064-011-0603-2},

issn = {0364-3190},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-09-21},

urldate = {2011-09-21},

journal = {Neurochemical Research},

volume = {37},

issue = {1},

pages = {202-204},

abstract = {The activities of Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) were studied in three regions of rat brain in heightened neuronal activity resulting in convulsions by Leptazol. These enzymes were studied in preconvulsive, convulsive and post convulsive phases. The activity of GAD decreases significantly in the preconvulsive phase in all the three regions of brain followed by a significant increase during the convulsive and post convulsive phase in cerebral cortex and cerebellum. The activity of GABA-T decreases maximal during the preconvulsive phase followed by convulsive phase. The activity of this enzyme tended to increase to control values when the postconvulsive phase was reached. Therefore, it is suggested that the concomitant decrease of GAD activity and GABA concentration, is probably an important factor in the onset of convulsions.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Uzma_2011,

title = {Red wine ameliorates CCl4 - induced acute liver injury in rats},

author = {Nazia Uzma and Bhaskarpillai Santhosh Kumar and Syyeda Anees},

url = {http://www.sciencej.com/ajhb/kumar_1_1_2011_1_7.pdf},

issn = {1838-2258},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-06-23},

urldate = {2011-06-23},

journal = {Australian Journal of Biomedical Science},

volume = {1},

issue = {1},

pages = {1-7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}