@article{Khatoon_2023,

title = {A clinico-histopathological and etiological assessment of different cutaneous granulomatous lesions},

author = {Rubiya Khatoon and Venu Somanapally and Naushaba Tazeen},

url = {https://www.jcdronline.org/admin/Uploads/Files/64a958b5e136d9.71957212.pdf},

issn = {0975-3583},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-07-31},

urldate = {2023-07-31},

journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research},

volume = {14},

issue = {7},

pages = {446-449},

abstract = {Aim: This study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the frequency and patterns of different cutaneous granulomatous lesions with its clinico-histopathological correlation to reach etiological diagnosis. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional observational was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Mamata Academy of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad for the period of 1 year. This study enrolled 100 cases of skin biopsies after histopathological confirmation of granulomatous lesions. Results: 100 cases were studied in which male predominance was noted in 64 (64%) cases and females constituted 36 (36%) cases. Most of the patients were noted in age group of 21 to 31 years i.e 36 (36%) cases followed by 20 (20%) cases in 31 to 41years. 86% of cases were seen below 50 years of age in ourstudy. Leprosy remained the significant causative reason for infectious granulomatous dermatoses succeeded by tuberculosis of skin. Borderline tuberculoid leprosy was found to be predominant, constituting 24 (24%) cases followed by indeterminate type 22 (22%) cases and lepromatous leprosy 21 (21%) cases, tuberculoid leprosy 18 (18%) cases and 8 (8%) cases of borderline lepromatous leprosy.Lupus vulgaris constituted 2 cases (2%) and only 2 (2%) case of sarcoidosis was found. Conclusion: Leprosy was the most common cause of cutaneous granuloma followed by Tuberculosis,fungal infection and foreign body reaction. Among the cases of leprosy, borderline tuberculoid leprosy and tuberculoid leprosy were the commonest subtype. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Masooduddin_2023,

title = {A histopathological study of soft tissue lesions},

author = {Mohammed Masooduddin and Sobia Afreen},

url = {https://www.ijsr.net/archive/v12i3/SR23316192000.pdf},

issn = {2319-7064},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-03-31},

urldate = {2023-03-31},

journal = {International Journal of Science and Research},

volume = {12},

issue = {3},

pages = {1248-1252},

abstract = {Background: Soft tissue is defined as a complex of non - epithelial extra - skeletal structures of the body exclusive of the reticulo - endothelial system glia and supportive tissue of the various parenchymal organs. Aims: To study the following features of soft tissue tumors according to age, sex incidence, Site - specific distribution, most common type and various spectrum of soft tissue tumor in both malignant and benign of soft tissue tumor. Material and Methods: The present cross - sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology during the period of September 2016 to September 2020. A total of 100 samples from patient with soft tissue tumors, including both benign and malignant tumors, were analyzed. Conclusion: The large majority of soft tissue tumors are benign, with a very high cure rate rafter surgical excision. Malignant mesenchymal neoplasms amount to less than 1% of the overall burden of malignant tumors but they are life threatening and may pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mohiddin_2023,

title = {A histopathological study in detecting lesions of oesophagus, stomach and duodenum by endoscopic biopsies in adults and children in a tertiary care hospital},

author = {Mohammed Ghouse Mohiddin and T. S. Shamshuddeen and Sobia Afreen and Mariyah Raheem},

url = {https://healthcare-bulletin.co.uk/article?article_id=786&download=true},

issn = {2042-4884},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-02-28},

urldate = {2023-02-28},

journal = {European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine},

volume = {13},

issue = {2},

pages = {1577-1585},

abstract = {Background: Since its introduction in 1968, the upper gastrointestinal flexible fibre optic endoscope has proven to be a significant advance in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) abnormalities.With the advent of flexible endoscopy, there has been a noticeable increase in diagnostic procedures requiring visualisation and biopsy of the upper and lower GI tract. Objectives: To correlate clinical diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis in detecting neoplastic lesions. To correlate endoscopic diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis in detecting neoplastic lesions.Material & Methods Hospital based Observational Cross Sectional Study. Study area:  The present study was carried out on endoscopic biopsy specimens received in the Department of Pathology, at Princess Esra Hospital and Owaisi Hospital and Research Centre; Deccan College of Medical Sciences. Study Period: 1 year. Study population:  Endoscopically directed biopsies were taken from patients with severe upper gastrointestinal symptoms like heart burn, dyspepsia, dysphagia, pain abdomen, vomiting etc. Sample size: study consisted a total of 100 cases. Sampling method: Simple random method.Results: Out of the 100 cases studied, 12 cases were positive for malignancy on histopathology. Out of these 12 cases, 8 cases were diagnosed malignant both on clinical examination and histopathology. 88 cases were negative for malignancy on histopathology, of which 72 cases were negative on both clinical diagnosis and on histopathology. Sensitivity: 66.67 %, Specificity: 81.82 %. Positive predictive value: 33.33 % Negative predictive value: 94.74 %. Accuracy: 80 %, Chi-square test: P-value=0.0025; (The result is significant at P<0.05).Conclusion: Endoscopic procedure in addition with histopathological findings remains the mainstay of diagnostic modality. Our study showed better correlation of histopathological diagnosis with endoscopic findings in detecting lesions of upper GIT. However, endoscopic examination and histopathological study of suspected lesions should always go in parallel and neither of them should be a substitute for each other.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sudula_2022,

title = {MED 12 gene mutation in a case of bilateral giant juvenile fibroadenoma},

author = {Mrudula Sudula and Meda Tejaswi and Naushaba Tazeen and Tasneem Fathima},

url = {https://www.ijpo.co.in/journal-article-file/17932},

doi = {10.18231/j.ijpo.2022.082},

issn = {2394-6784},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-12-14},

urldate = {2022-12-14},

journal = {Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology},

volume = {9},

issue = {4},

pages = {342-346},

publisher = {IP Innovative Publication Pvt Ltd},

abstract = {Giant juvenile fibroadenoma is a rare variant of more common benign lesion, fibro adenoma observed in younger population. They present with rapidly enlarging single or multiple breast masses in one or both the breast. A 10-year-old pre-pubertal girl presented with large lump in left breast followed by right breast lump. FNAC was suggestive of fibroadenoma, and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis. To understand the genetic basis of common entity like fibroadenoma with a rare presentation in very young age, the tissue block was subjected to gene sequencing and identified MED 12 gene mutation. It leads us to the possibility of new treatment modalities of targeting the causative gene and thus sparing the patient from invasive 

procedures.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Raheem_2022b,

title = {Role of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a predictive marker in the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome},

author = {Mariyah Raheem and Asiya Tabassum and Atiya Begum},

url = {https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR22728102305},

issn = {2319-7064},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-08-31},

urldate = {2022-08-31},

journal = {International Journal of Science and Research},

volume = {11},

issue = {8},

pages = {257-261},

abstract = {Background: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is one of the prevalent conditions, responsible for fatal heart attack and heart failure & leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Aims and Objectives: To study NLR-Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio as a predictive marker in diagnosis of patients with ACS. Materials and Methods: A prospective study of 66 cases admitted in Princess Esra Hospital with diagnosis of ACS were studied, their CBC reports within 72hours of onset of symptoms were collected, NLR were analysed. After informed consent, 2ml of venous blood collected from antecubital vein under aseptic precautions in a K2 EDTA vacutainer. Samples were run on Sysmex XN550 automated 5part analyser and values of WBC differential count reconfirmed on Peripheral blood Smear. Results: Gender Distribution: Frequency Percentage Male 32 48.5 Female 34 51.5 Total 66 Discussion: In our study of 66 cases, there was slight femalepreponderance and majority of the females were of post-menopausal age group, 48.5%-males, 51.5%-females. Majority of patients had Neutrophilic leucocytosis with an elevated NLR. Most of patients fell in age group of 46-55years. P VALUE was calculated by applying Student T test and was found to be 0.00294. P value is statistically significant if P<0.05. C. Chen, et al, described NLR positively correlated with Myocardial damage. In a study by A. M. Shumailah, et al, NLR was found to be the strongest predictive marker for ACS, [p value=0.014]. CONCLUSION: NLR can be used as a predictive marker for the diagnosis of ACS. The study recommends using NLR as a simple, inexpensive, and widely available inflammatory marker which can be an auxiliary biomarker in the diagnosis of ACS.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Tabassum_2022b,

title = {Covid-19 vs dengue-role of WBC counts in segregation of cases at an early stage with special reference to NLR as a diagnostic and prognostic factor},

author = {Asiya Tabassum and Idrees Akhtar Afroze and Sumayya Begum },

url = {https://www.ijmsir.com/asset/images/uploads/16560077756647.pdf},

issn = {2458-868X},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-31},

urldate = {2022-05-31},

journal = {International Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research},

volume = {7},

issue = {3},

pages = {155-162},

abstract = {Both SARS-CoV and dengue virus can present as mild diseases which subsides by itself or can get severe resulting in a patient’s death. In tropical and subtropical countries, where dengue epidemics are commonly seen, COVID-19 can be easily misdiagnosed with dengue, because they present with common symptoms in the

initial stages but have different clinical management which makes it challenging for the health care  professionals to diagnose in the early stages. Moreover, there have been few cases reported where there was co infection by the viruses, making the picture still more confusing and challenging for the doctors. In poor and developing countries, access to specific diagnostic tests, the funding for them is limited and complete blood count (CBC) is the single most common test performed in patients. This study aimed to evaluate, analyse and compare the WBC count, differential leucocyte count and Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) among COVID-19 and dengue cases. An attempt was made in diagnosing these two conditions with the above parameters at an early stage and to determine if further investigations or referrals would be required. Inflammatory marker NLR was also analyzed with series of samples of the patients during their hospital stay in predicting the outcome of cases. This study was a retrospective one done for duration of 1 year between Jan 2021 and Jan 2022 and included two different groups of patients, COVID-19 and dengue patients. A total of 106 cases of confirmed COVID-19 and 100 cases of dengue were included in the study. We propose utilizing the WBC count, differential count and NLR in early diagnosis and segregation of COVID 19 and dengue cases so that patients with COVID 19 can be isolated at the earliest, prompt treatment be given, decreasing the lead time, trying to combat the pandemic and the patients with dengue can be treated accordingly avoiding the complications. RT-PCR and dengue serology can be done on selected cases when required decreasing the burden on the health system and its resources. Patients with COVID-19 present with leucopenia or Leucocytosis, with Lymphopenia as the most significant finding, which is a useful and reliableindicator of the severity of the disease. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was increased in majority of these cases and is described as an independent biomarker for indicating poor clinical outcomes in these patients. In contrast to COVID 19, the WBC count in dengue is characterized by progressive leucopenia with lymphocytic predominance and is associated with decreased NLR. Integrating the NLR in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with COVID-19 and dengue would help in identification and prediction of cases with increased severity so that prompt treatment can be done

decreasing the mortality and for better outcome of these patients. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Shamshuddeen_2022,

title = {Study on immunoexpression of beta catenin and Ki 67 in oral squamous cell carcinomas},

author = {T. S. Shamshuddeen and Asiya Tabassum and Naushaba Tazeen and Idrees Akhtar Afroze},

url = {https://sciencescholar.us/journal/index.php/ijhs/article/view/7623/3841},

doi = {10.53730/ijhs.v6ns3.7623},

issn = {2550-696X},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-20},

urldate = {2022-05-20},

journal = {International Journal of Health Sciences},

volume = {6},

issue = {S3},

pages = {6963-6971},

publisher = {Universidad Tecnica de Manabi},

abstract = {Cancer is a global health problem. It is the third most common cause of death.1 Among the malignant lesions of the oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma represents the most common cancer. It comprises about 90% of oral cancers.2 To elucidate the expression of immunohistochemical localization of β-catenin, To evaluate proliferative index (ki 67) in oral squamous cell cancers. To stusdy the correlation between β-catenin expression, ki 67 expression and tumor differentiation. Comparative case control study. The study was done in Department of Pathology and E.N.T in a tertiary care hospital. 1 year. patients with signs and symptoms of oral squamous cell carcinoma and investigated in a tertiary care hospital setting. A total of 104 (84 Cases and 20 Controls) were included in the study. Biopsy specimens received to pathology department where gross examination of the specimens was done. Aberrant expression of β-catenin in different histological grades is statistically significant. The p-value is .001361. Aberrant expression of β-catenin increased with increase in histological grade. It can be concluded that β-catenin is a significant factor in predicting the histological grade in patients with SCC.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Tabassum_2022,

title = {Evaluation of platelet indices in dengue seropositive cases at a tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad},

author = {Asiya Tabassum and Atiya Begum},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/fileview/evaluation-of-platelet-indices-in-dengue-seropositive-cases-at-a-tertiary-care-hospital-in-hyderabad-_January_2022_8361510941_2433857.pdf},

doi = {10.36106/ijsr},

issn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-31},

urldate = {2022-01-31},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {11},

issue = {1},

pages = {48-49},

abstract = {Background: Dengue is caused by an arbovirus and is transmitted by mosquito Aedes aegypti. In addition to platelet count, Platelet indices like Mean platelet volume (MPV), Platelet distribution width (PDW) ,Plateletcrit (PCT ) and Platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) are being investigated as prospective platelet activation indicators. Aims And Objectives: To evaluate the role of platelet indices in dengue seropositive cases. Materials And Methods: This study was a retrospective one conducted on dengue seropositive cases in Department of pathology, Deccan College of medical sciences, Hyderabad. Cases were collected from Dept of medicine and pediatrics over a period of 2 months in Oct-Nov 2021. Blood samples were processed on Sysmex XN 550 automated cell counter and platelet counts were cross checked manually. Results: In this study, Out of 350 samples received, 1OO patients were found to be positive for dengue serology. Male: Female ratio was 1.3:1 with average age being 7.5years .60 % cases had platelet counts below 50,000/cumm. Among platelet indices, 72 % of the patients had mean platelet volume (MPV) less than 8.5; 84 % cases had Plateletcrit less than 0.22 %; 80 % had platelet distribution width (PDW) more than 25  and P-LCR was increased in 56% cases. Conclusion: We observed signicant correlation of low platelet count with MPV, PCT, PDW and P-LCR. MPV is a marker of platelet function and activation, high MPV indicates increased megakaryocytic activity whereas low MPV indicates marrow suppression. PDW is an indicator of platelet anisocytosis and has a negative correlation with low platelet count. P-LCR is inversely related to platelet count and directly related to PDW. It is decreased in patients with thrombocytosis and increased in thrombocytopenia. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Asfiya_2021,

title = {Role of eosinophil count for early recognition and prognostication of Covid-19},

author = {Khanam Asfiya and Syed Mohammed Ali Mehdi and Idrees Akhtar Afroze and Fawwad M. Shaikh and Sumayya Begum and Nabila Afsar},

url = {https://www.ijmsir.com/asset/images/uploads/16281658002972.pdf},

issn = {2458-868X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-07-01},

urldate = {2021-07-01},

journal = {International Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research},

volume = {6},

issue = {4},

pages = {224-232},

abstract = {Background: The Severe Respiratory Distress Syndrome caused by the COVID-19 virus has turned into a pandemic and has caused havoc worldwide and is still continuing to do so. In such times, there is a need for a diagnostic tool which eases the technique of detecting the disease and is also less time consuming. Thus an analogy was established between the Covid-19 positive RT-PCR cases and their blood eosinophil levels. Aims: To study the diagnostic and Prognostic significance of eosinophil counts in Covid-19 infections. Settings and Design: This study that was conducted in a tertiary health care centre was done by analysing the eosinophil counts of the patients and there by correlating them with the progression of the disease. Materials and Methods: 105 Patients who tested positive by RT-PCR for COVID-19 were enrolled for this study and their complete blood count report was obtained. Statistical Analysis: The data analysis was done in proportions and percentages. The statistical test of significance applied manually to the cross table was chi square test. Result: Based on the outcome it was noted that 70.50% cases were eosinopenic on admission. Also drop in eosinophil count(93.75% of the cases) or the absence of eosinophils on presentation correlated with poor prognosis. Conclusion: Eosinopenia can help in early detection of Covid-19 infection and the variation in the eosinophil count can help in gauging the prognosis and the outcome of the disease.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hussain_2021,

title = {Role of platelet-WBC ratio as a prognostic marker of cerebrovascular accident},

author = {Syed Arshad Hussain and Atiya Begum},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/fileview/role-of-plateletwbc-pwr-ratio-as-a-prognostic-marker-of-cerebrovascular-accident_June_2021_6700252511_2520939.pdf},

doi = {10.36106/ijsr},

issn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-06-01},

urldate = {2021-06-01},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {10},

issue = {6},

pages = {24-25},

abstract = {Cerebrovascular accidents are a leading cause of patient morbidity and mortality worldwide. The symptoms include sudden loss of vision,unconsciousness,weakness in contralateral upper and lower limbs, seizures and loss of vision. Several studies have concluded that the lower the platelet count and the higher the number of white blood cells in ischemic stroke patients will result in a more severe stroke and had worsen prognosis. Platelet and white blood cells counts can be converted into Platelet-to-White Blood Cell Ratio (PWR) which is a comparison between the number of platelets and white blood cells, so the higher PWR will provide better clinical outcomes. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hussain_2021b,

title = {Role of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic marker of cerebrovascular accident},

author = {Syed Arshad Hussain and Idrees Akhtar Afroze and T. S. Shamshuddeen},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/fileview/role-of-neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio-as-a-prognostic-marker-of-cerebrovascular-accident_May_2021_6510266714_9307901.pdf},

doi = {10.36106/ijsr},

issn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-01},

urldate = {2021-05-01},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {10},

issue = {5},

pages = {76-77},

abstract = {NA},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Khan_2020,

title = { Histopathological spectrum of endometrial biopsies in a tertiary care hospital: a retrospective institutional study},

author = {Mehveen Rahim Khan and Abdul Wase and Nabila Afsar and Atiya Begum},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/fileview/histopathological-spectrum-of-endometrial-biopsies-in-a-tertiary-care-hospital--a-retrospective-institutional-study_December_2020_0777706621_4527162.pdf},

doi = {10.36106/ijsr},

issn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-12-01},

urldate = {2020-12-01},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {9},

issue = {12},

pages = {37-39},

abstract = {Endometrial biopsies are obtained for a number of reasons that include abnormal uterine bleeding in certain age groups, incomplete abortions, or suspected neoplasia and the endometrium may be sampled prior to certain procedures to treat infertility to determine the phase of the cycle to guide further tests or treatments. The study is a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out in the Department of Pathology of Owaisi hospital and research centre , on specimens received over a one-year period. 200 Samples of endometrial biopsies and curettings from women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding received to the histopathology laboratory were analyzed. Patients were categorized into reproductive age groups (18-40 yrs), perimenopausal (41-50), and postmenopausal (>50yrs). Most common lesion is endometrial hyperplasia comprising 61% of total cases. The next common lesion is Endometrial polyp which accounts for 29% of total cases. 2 cases of Endometrial carcinoma were found which comprised of 1% of total cases. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Khan_2020b,

title = {Abdominal wall metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma-an unusual presentation},

author = {Mehveen Rahim Khan and Nabila Afsar and Idrees Akhtar Afroze},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/recent_issues_pdf/2020/November/abdominal-wall-metastasis-of-hepatocellular-carcinomaan-unusual-presentation_November_2020_0418414166_1229394.pdf},

doi = {10.36106/ijsr},

issn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-11-01},

urldate = {2020-11-01},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {9},

issue = {11},

pages = {52-53},

abstract = {We report a case of 60 year old male with a swelling in the right iliac fossa which presented as desmoid tumour clinically and was later found to be metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Siddiqui_2020,

title = {Distribution of blood group type in diagnosed NS1Ag positive dengue patients in Hyderbad,Telangana State},

author = {Adiba Siddiqui and Nabiha Tabassum and Nabila Afsar and Idrees Akhtar Afroze},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/recent_issues_pdf/2020/November/distribution-of-blood-group-type-in-diagnosed-ns1-ag-positive-dengue-patients-in-hyderabad-telengana-state-india_November_2020_7061945912_4335125.pdf},

doi = {10.36106/ijsr},

issn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-11-01},

urldate = {2020-11-01},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {9},

issue = {11},

pages = {41-42},

abstract = {The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of blood group type in diagnosed NS1Ag positive dengue cases. The ABO phenotypes were identified by use of blood from patients with dengue virus infection prospectively, in newly diagnosed patients at a tertiary care hospital in south India. A total of 162 NS1Ag positive cases were collected with dengue illness. The greatest number (25%) of dengue cases were seen in the 11-20 year age group. Males were predominantly effected(58%). It was found that majority (45%) of cases belonged to blood group O.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Afsar_2020,

title = {Role of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic marker of dengue},

author = {Nabila Afsar and Hina Sayeed and Fawwad M. Shaikh and Idrees Akhtar Afroze},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/fileview/role-of-neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio-as-a-prognostic-marker-of-dengue_October_2020_6114171606_8732160.pdf},

doi = {10.36106/ijsr},

issn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-10-01},

urldate = {2020-10-01},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {9},

issue = {10},

pages = {67-68},

abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Dengue is an important arthropod-borne viral infection in humans and is the second most important re-emerging tropical disease in the past 20 years all over the globe. Aim: To study neutrophil lymphocyte ratio in dengue cases and assess its role in relation with various demographic, serologic parameters and platelet count. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 100 dengue cases admitted in a

tertiary care hospital in South India during the monsoon season of 2019 was carried out. Clinical data and CBC results were reviewed and analysed. The Chi Square test was used to compare categorical variables. RESULTS: Ns1Ag dengue serology test was found to be more common in males indicating recent infection and Ns1Ag, IgM and IgG more common in females indicating recent and past infection. Neutrophil Lymphocyte

ratio(NLR) <2 strongly correlates with low platelets indicating severity of disease and reversal of NLR >2 correlates with improvement of disease. NLR <2 was more common in 0-20 years age group, younger the age lesser the Neutrophil Lymphocyte ratio and hence more severe the disease. CONCLUSION: Neutrophil Lymphocyte ratio acts as a prognostic indicator in dengue cases.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Afreen_2020,

title = {Role of platelet parameters in acute coronary syndrome},

author = {Sobia Afreen and Nabila Afsar and Idrees Akhtar Afroze},

url = {https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/fileview/role-of-platelet-parameters-in-acute-coronary-syndrome_June_2020_1591092901_1816382.pdf},

doi = {10.36106/ijsr},

issn = {2277-8179},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-06-01},

urldate = {2020-06-01},

journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research},

volume = {9},

issue = {6},

pages = {59-61},

abstract = {ACS is a set of signs and symptoms due to rupture of a plaque which is a consequence of platelet rich coronary thrombus formation. Thrombus leads to partial or complete coronary artery occlusion which inturn leads to myocardial ischemia and various clinical manifestation ranging from UA to acute myocardial infarction. Conventional risk factors include smoking, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, obesity and stress which either act

singly or in combination increase the chances of developing coronary atherosclerosis.4 Platelet indices also vary in diseases like diabetes, hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia etc.,5 This study aims to study the role of platelet parameters in patients with acute coronary syndrome and those who are at higher risk in comparison with healthy individuals. Conclusion: These larger platelets can be easily identified during routine hematological analysis. For this purpose, we think that MPV measurement, in which is a non-invasive and easily available test, it may be an important tool predicting an impending acute coronary event and helping in early intervention to manage such patients. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Afsar_2019b,

title = {Anemia: a diagnostic malady in management of dengue patients},

author = {Nabila Afsar and Sabahat Zamani Nagma and Idrees Akhtar Afroze},

url = {https://www.pacificejournals.com/journal/index.php/apalm/article/view/2542/1793},

doi = {10.21276/APALM.2542},

issn = {2349-6983},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-12-28},

urldate = {2019-12-28},

journal = {Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},

volume = {6},

issue = {12},

pages = {A647-A652},

abstract = {Background: With the high prevalence of anemia and increasing incidence of dengue in developing countries like India, diagnosis of anemia in dengue patients needs to be stressed. There is higher hemoglobin and hematocrit as a result of plasma leakage in dengue; hence diagnosis and treatment of anemia may be missed. 

Methods:  A retrospective study was done on 138 dengue patients diagnosed in 2017, in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Hyderabad. The complete blood counts and blood picture data was retrieved and statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel. Result:  60% of patients >5 yrs of age showed low hemoglobin while 93.3% showed hypochromia. In patients aged 5-11yrs and 12-14 yrs, 31.4% and 14.3% respectively had low hemoglobin, but hypochromia was noted in 48.6% and 57.1% .In non pregnant females, 68.4% 

showed low hemoglobin while 55.3% showed hypochromia. In males, 25% showed low hemoglobin whereas 13.9% showed hypochromia. Wide variability in hemoglobin concentration of same patient was noted with coefficient of variation above 1% in 91.7% of cases. MCV and MCH had coefficient of variation more than 1.1% and 0.5% in 25% and 69.4% of cases respectively. Conclusion:  Mean corpuscular volume is a stable parameter which can be used to assess the morphological status of the RBC even in a background of hemoconcentration where the hemoglobin is spuriously raised. The importance of inclusion of red cell indices especially mean corpuscular volume in complete blood counts reports is stressed.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Nagma_2019,

title = { Mixed connective tissue disease highlighting diagnostic exigency and treatment woes},

author = {Sabahat Zamani Nagma and Nabila Afsar and Idrees Akhtar Afroze and Atiya Begum},

url = {https://www.pacificejournals.com/journal/index.php/apalm/article/view/2468/1758},

doi = {10.21276/APALM.2468},

issn = {2349-6983},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-10-01},

urldate = {2019-10-01},

journal = {Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},

volume = {6},

issue = {9},

pages = {C97-C100},

abstract = {Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a rare connective tissue disease characterized by manifestations that overlap symptoms typical of several other inflammatory diseases of connective tissue. A presence of anti-ribonucleoprotein antibodies (antiU1RNP) in high titer is a typical immunological finding. A 20 year old female complained of chilling and cyanosis of fingers on cold exposure since 5 years, with pain and numbness, hardening of skin of both hands, episodes of Raynaud’s phenomenon,gangrenous changes, self amputation of distal digit of middle finger. Systemic manifestations were also associated. A 15 year old female complained of thickening and tightening of skin of face and hands since 5 months, associated with joint pains, shortness of breath, dysphagia and photosensitivity of skin. Both cases were positive for Anti U1-RNP and Anti-SSA/Ro52 antibodies. Serology, radiology and histopathology were performed. MCTD may be difficult to define as definite classification criteria are not fulfilled. Young and pediatric patients with skin manifestations must be investigated to initiate early treatment and monitor renal parameters. Patient compliance and trust in treating physician is a key to early diagnosis and treatment. Treating physician must recognize symptoms and refer patients to higher centres. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sultana_2019,

title = {Effects of cigarette smoking on erythrocyte sedimentation rate, platelet count, total and differential leucocyte counts in adult male smokers},

author = {Safia Sultana and Nabila Afsar and Mohammed Jawad and Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari},

url = {https://amphysiol.com/index.php/amp/article/view/v3i1.35185},

doi = {10.23921/amp.2019v3i1.35185},

issn = {2456-8422},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-03-28},

urldate = {2019-03-28},

journal = {Annals of Medical Physiology},

volume = {3},

issue = {1},

pages = {14-18},

publisher = {Quench Academy of Medical Education and Research (QAMER) Publishing House},

abstract = {Smoking is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Smokers have higher risk for coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, hypertension, clotting disorders, inflammation, respiratory diseases, cancers, etc. A cigarette smoker is exposed to a number of harmful substances. In this study we hypothesized that smoking causes inflammatory reactions and induces hyperthrombic state in the body which may be reflected in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), total leucocyte count (TLC), differential leucocyte count (DLC) and platelet count values. The purpose of the study was to study the effects of cigarette smoking on erythrocyte sedimentation rate, total leucocyte count and platelet count in adult male smokers and to compare the results with non-smokers and to establish a relationship between the duration and quantity of smoking with the change in ESR, TLC, DLC and platelet count. A cross sectional study was conducted in the department of Pathology on 86 healthy male subjects (smokers=43 and non-smokers=43). ESR was estimated using Westergrens method. TLC, DLC and platelet counts were estimated using HORIBA Pentra ES60 autoanalyser. TLC and basophil counts were significantly higher in smokers than in non-smokers (p<0.05). The mean value of ESR was higher among smokers than non-smokers but it was statistically insignificant. Platelets counts showed no significant difference between smokers and non- smokers. No correlation was observed in various blood parameters and smoking (in pack years). We conclude that smoking initiates an inflammatory response as evidenced from raised TLC, monocyte and basophil counts.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Afsar_2019,

title = {Young immunocompetent individual positive for histoplasma capsulatum on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology},

author = {Nabila Afsar and Maseera Zareen and Idrees Akhtar Afroze and Atiya Begum},

url = {https://www.pacificejournals.com/journal/index.php/apalm/article/view/2348/1690},

doi = {10.21276/APALM.2348},

issn = {2349-6983},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-03-16},

urldate = {2019-03-16},

journal = {Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},

volume = {6},

issue = {3},

pages = {C37-C39},

abstract = {Primary pulmonary histoplasmosis is a lung disease caused by dimorphic fungus Histoplasma Capsulatum. Bronchoalveolar fluid cytology is routinely performed as an inexpensive test even in under equipped laboratories. A 26 year old female, presented with persistent cough, evening rise of temperature and generalised weakness since 3 months and streaky hemoptysis since 3 weeks. CT showed consolidation in 

lower lobe of left lung and multiple mediastinal nodes in perivascular (aortic arch ) region and in sub carinal region. Bronchoscopy showed purulent exudates in lower lobe (6th segment of left lung). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was obtained and subjected to cytological evaluation and microbiological examination for Acid Fast bacillus. Cytosmears revealed macrophages with engulfed clusters of single walled yeast cells. The suspicion of Histoplasma was raised and the fluid was sent for fungal culture and Antigen testing was performed. Histoplasma Capsulatum can present in immunocompetent individuals and a strong suspicion must be made in patients with history of travel to endemic areas. Pathologist needs to look for the yeast cells even in immunocompetent individuals while routine screening of the BAL fluid cytosmears. Special staining may be resorted to, in individuals with high suspicion and positive history. Confirmation may be done by fungal 

cultures and antigen testing. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Farooqui_2019,

title = {Role and significance of hematological parameters in diabetes mellitus},

author = {Rafae Farooqui and Nabila Afsar and Idrees Akhtar Afroze},

url = {https://www.pacificejournals.com/journal/index.php/apalm/article/view/2355/1687},

doi = {0.21276/APALM.2355},

issn = {2349-6483},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-03-16},

urldate = {2019-03-16},

journal = {Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},

volume = {6},

issue = {3},

pages = {A158-A162},

abstract = {Background:  Diabetes mellitus is a global metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and increased risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications. Consistent elevation of HbA1c can be associated with functional and structural changes in hemoglobin molecule, cytoplasmic viscosity and osmotic disturbances within red cell. These changes may be reflected in the red cell analytical parameters. Methods:

 120 subjects were studied. 41 were non diabetic healthy subjects (Group1). 79 were known diabetic patients, divided into two groups: HbA1c <7(39 subjects) Group 2 and HbA1c >7(40 subjects) Group 3. Sample for glucose estimation and CBC were collected in vacutainers containing sodium Fluoride and K 2EDTA respectively. Glucose, HbA1c and CBC estimation was carried out by auto analyzers. Result: Mean RBC count of diabetics with HbA1c<7 was less when compared to non-diabetic individuals.  Significant decrease was noted in the mean RBC count, Hb, HCT and MCV of diabetics with HbA1c>7 when compared to non diabetic individuals. There was significant decrease in mean Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH of diabetics with HbA1c >7 when compared to diabetics with HbA1c <7. Conclusion: The findings in the present study suggest that diabetic patients with poor control are more prone to develop anemia. This indicates a need for routine CBP examination for early detection and management of anemia in diabetic patients at the primary care setting to reduce associated morbidity due to lowered immunity associated with anemia and complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Supriya_2018,

title = {Abnormal uterine bleeding: role of sonography and histopathology in endometrial study with emphasis on the organic causes},

author = {M. Supriya and Atiya Begum},

url = {https://www.ijpo.co.in/journal-article-file/6428},

doi = {10.18231/2394-6792.2018.0048},

issn = {2394-6784},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-10-16},

urldate = {2018-10-16},

journal = {Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology},

volume = {5},

issue = {2},

pages = {262-268},

abstract = {Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the most common complaint in women of all age groups. The causes for abnormal bleeding needs to be evaluated before subjecting the patient to complicated surgical procedures. Transvaginal sonography is a simple outpatient procedure to identify suitable candidates for endometrial biopsy which provides an accurate diagnosis. Aims and Objectives: 1. To emphasize on the correlation of sonology and histopathological findings and to provide the cause of pathology for Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) in majority of cases. 2. To study the clinical data of the patients presenting with AUB and its histopathological spectrum. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the department of Pathology over a period of one year from January 2016 to December 2016. Endometrial biopsies of patients of all age groups presenting with a chief complaint of Abnormal uterine bleeding and abnormal USG findings were included in the study while inadequate biopsies and patients with genital infections, pregnancy–complications were excluded. The biopsies were processed as per the standard protocol. Histopathological examination was done and the diagnosis was given. Results were statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 87 cases were analyzed based on age, clinical presentation, parity, correlation of sonography-

histopathological findings was done and the results were found to have statistically significant p values.

Conclusion: A combination of sonography with histopathology provides an accurate diagnosis for AUB in most of the cases, specifically those with organic pathology. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Supriya_2017,

title = {Dowling Degos disease: a clinicopathological study},

author = {M. Supriya and Syeda Naushaba Masood and Atiya Begum},

url = {https://www.rfppl.co.in/view_abstract.php?jid=10&art_id=6328},

doi = {10.21088/ijprp.2278.148X.6417.48},

issn = {2278-148X},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-12-01},

urldate = {2017-12-01},

journal = {Indian Journal of Pathology: Research and Practice},

volume = {6},

number = {2},

issue = {4},

pages = {1114-1118},

abstract = {Background: DowlingDegos Disease (DDD) is a rare genetic disease of the skin having an autosomal dominant inheritance. It is grouped under reticulated pigmented anomalies and manifests as symmetric, progressive, pigmented macules over flexures, scattered comedolike lesions and pitted acneiform scars. Histopathology is required for definitive diagnosis and to distinguish it from other reticulate pigmentary genodermatoses. Aims: 1. To show the existence of this rare disease in the local population. (2) To stress on the clinicopathological correlation for the definitive diagnosis of the disease. Materials & Methods: Punch biopsies of skin received by the Department of Pathology over a span of two years with Dowling Degos Disease as one of the differential diagnosis, were included in the study. The biopsies were processed as per standard protocol. Diagnosis was confirmed by the histopathological examination. Result: A total of six cases were included in the study, out of which four were histologically confirmed as DDD and one case had features overlapping with Reticulate Acropigmentation of Kitamura (RAPK). The study showed female preponderance. Four cases had family history. The clinical and histopathological findings of each case are discussed. Conclusion: Dowling Degos Disease may not be a rare entity. It should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses for pigmentary disorders. With combined clinical and histopathological evaluation, more cases may come into light in the future and DDD may not remain as a rare disorder.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Afsar_2017,

title = { Role of mean platelet volume as an adjunct in evaluation of acute inflammation},

author = {Nabila Afsar and Idrees Akhtar Afroze and Habeebunnisa Tahniath and Zakia Abid},

url = {https://www.pacificejournals.com/journal/index.php/apalm/article/view/apalm1486/pdf_416},

doi = {10.21276/APALM.1486},

issn = {2349-6483},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-09-01},

urldate = {2017-09-01},

journal = {Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},

volume = {4},

issue = {4},

pages = {A466-A469},

abstract = {Background: Platelets are also known for their role in the pathophysiology of vascular inflammation. Activated platelets can promote vascular inflammation, causing endothelial inflammation and subsequent leucocyte extravasation. Increased MPV may be used as a marker of platelet activation. We aim to study the relationship of MPV with total WBC count in cases with neutrophilic leucocytosis and to assess if MPV may have any role as an inflammatory marker.Methods:  A retrospective study was conducted including 97 cases of leucocytosis with neutrophilia. 95 age and sex matched healthy individuals were used as controls. MPV values and total WBC counts were obtained on automated cell counter Horiba pentra ES60 and manual differential count was performed.Results: MPV did not show any significant change in the study group compared to the control group. MPV was noted to be higher in cases with associated thrombocytopenia, while MPV was lower in cases with thrombocytosis.Conclusion:  MPV has no direct role in the evaluation of acute inflammation. However the increased MPV noted in cases of thrombocytopenia with neutrophilic leucocytosis suggests that activation of platelets causes a rise in MPV due to shape change and may be implicated in impending sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation due to the production of thromboxane A2 by activated platelets, warranting the need for further workup and prospective studies in order to establish the role of MPV as a marker for impending sepsis and DIC in cases with neutrophilic leucocytosis.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Afroze_2015,

title = {A case of ambiguous genitalia diagnosed in a young male presenting clinically with left sided obstructed inguinal hernia},

author = {Idrees Akhtar Afroze and Fakeha Firdous and Syed Sibghatullah Quadri and Mohammed Abdul Majid Adil},

url = {https://www.statperson.com/Journal/ScienceAndTechnology/Article/Volume16Issue2/16_2_43.pdf},

issn = {2249-8109},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-09-11},

urldate = {2015-09-11},

journal = {International Journal of Recent Trends in Science and Technology},

volume = {16},

issue = {2},

pages = {398-400},

abstract = {Ambiguous genetalia is a disorder of sex development (DSD). It occurs when something goes wrong during pregnancy to interrupt or disturb the fetus developing sex organs. Presence or absence of male hormones control the development of sex organs. A disruption of steps that determine sex can result in a mismatch between external genitals and internal sex organs or the chromosomal sex (xx or xy). Other causes can be mutations in certain genes or chromosomal abnormalities like missing sex chromosome or an extra one. Ambiguous genitalia is usually not life threatening, but can create social problem for the child and family.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kumar_2010b,

title = {Antibacterial and ulcer healing effects of organoselenium compounds in naproxen induced and Helicobacter pylori infected Wistar rat model},

author = {Bhaskarpillai Santhosh Kumar and Santosh K. Tiwari and R. Saikant and G. Manoj and Amit Kunwar and G. Sivaram and Zakia Abid and Adeel Ahmad and K. Indira Priyadarsini and Aleem Ahmed Khan},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jtemb.2010.04.003},

doi = {10.1016/j.jtemb.2010.04.003},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-10-01},

urldate = {2010-10-01},

journal = {Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology},

volume = {24},

issue = {4},

pages = {263-270},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Tiwari_2010,

title = {Relevance of Helicobacter pylori genotypes in gastric pathology and its association with plasma malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels},

author = {Santosh K. Tiwari and G. Manoj and Vishwas Sharma and G. Sivaram and R. Saikant and Avinash Bardia and Varun K. Sharma and Zakia Abid and Aleem Ahmed Khan and Md. Aejaz Habeeb and Chitoor Mohammed Habibullah and Bhaskarpillai Santhosh Kumar and Amrita Nandan},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10787-010-0031-y},

doi = {10.1007/s10787-010-0031-y},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-02-01},

urldate = {2010-02-01},

journal = {Inflammopharmacology},

volume = {18},

issue = {2},

pages = {59-64},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Tiwari_2008,

title = {Prognostic significance of genotyping Helicobacter pylori infection in patients in younger age groups with gastric cancer},

author = {Santosh K. Tiwari and G. Manoj and G. Vasanth Kumar and G. Sivaram and Syed Ibrahim Hassan and B. Prabhakar and U. Devi and S. Jalaluddin and K. Kumar and S. Ahmed and Zakia Abid and Md. Aejaz Habeeb and Aleem Ahmed Khan and Chitoor Mohammed Habibullah},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fpgmj.2007.065060},

doi = {10.1136/pgmj.2007.065060},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-04-01},

urldate = {2008-04-01},

journal = {Postgraduate Medical Journal},

volume = {84},

issue = {990},

pages = {193-197},

publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Tiwari_2007,

title = {A simple multiplex PCR assay for diagnosing virulent Helicobacter pylori infection in human gastric biopsy specimens from subjects with gastric carcinoma and other gastro-duodenal diseases},

author = {Santosh K. Tiwari and Aleem Ahmed Khan and G. Manoj and S. Ahmed and Zakia Abid and Md. Aejaz Habeeb and Chitoor Mohammed Habibullah},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2672.2007.03478.x},

doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03478.x},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-09-01},

urldate = {2007-09-01},

journal = {Journal of Applied Microbiology},

volume = {103},

issue = {6},

pages = {2353-2360},

publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}